境内虚拟货币交易平台大限已至
The virtual currency trading platform in 多地监管部门已行动起来出重拳打击虚拟货币和ICO(首次代币发行)，国内虚拟货币交易场所“大限”已至，面临全面取缔。 A number of local regulators have taken action against virtual currency and ICO (the first issue of a token currency), and domestic virtual currency trading sites have come to a “high limit” and face a total ban. 中国首台比特币ATM机出现在上海张江的一家咖啡店内，吸引不少比特币玩家前来兑换。张亨伟 摄 China’s first Bitcoin ATM was found in a coffee shop in Zhang Jiang in Shanghai, attracting a lot of bitcoin players to exchange. 《经济参考报》记者最新获悉，北京市金融局已于15日约谈辖内多家虚拟货币交易平台，当日，北京市互联网金融风险专项整治工作领导小组办公室发布通知称：“各交易场所应于2017年9月20日18点前制定详细的无风险清理清退工作方案，并报北京市互联网金融风险专项整治工作领导小组办公室备案，妥善处理好债权债务关系，确保投资者资金，各类虚拟货币的安全。”通知还称，各交易场所最晚应于2017年9月15日24点前发布公告，明确停止所有虚拟货币交易的最终时间，并宣布立即停止新用户注册。而在上周，上海市金融办也已经开始对辖内多家比特币交易平台下达“口头指令”，关停交易平台，使其退出市场。 According to a recent reporter, the Beijing City Financial Services Department interviewed several virtual money trading platforms in Beijing on 15 September. On that day, the Beijing City Office of the Leading Group for the Specialized Management of Financial Risks on the Internet issued a circular stating: “The trading sites should have a detailed risk-free clean-up programme by 18 p.m. on 20 September 2017, and report to the Beijing City Office of the Leading Group for the Specialized Management of Financial Risk on the Internet, with a view to properly managing debt relations and ensuring the security of investors' funds and various virtual currencies.” The circular also stated that the trading sites should publish an announcement no later than 24 p.m. on 15 September 2017, clearly ending all virtual currency transactions and declaring an immediate halt to the registration of new users. 国内三家最大的虚拟货币交易平台已经宣布停止交易。15日，火币网和OKCoin币行同时发布公告称，将于9月30日前通知所有用户即将停止交易，并将于10月31日前，依次逐步停止所有数字资产兑人民币的交易业务。而在此前的14日，比特币中国也发布公告称，14日起停止比特币中国数字资产交易平台新用户注册；2017年9月30日数字资产交易平台将停止所有交易业务。 Three of the largest virtual currency trading platforms in the country have announced a cessation of transactions. On 15 September, the gunnet and the OKCoin bank issued a parallel announcement that all users would be informed by 30 September of the imminent cessation of transactions, and that all digital assets would be phased out in a step-by-step manner against the renminbi by 31 October. On 14 October, Bitcoin China also announced that the registration of new users of the Bitcoin digital assets trading platform would be suspended from 14 years ago; and the digital assets trading platform would be suspended from all transactions on 30 September 2017. 有数据显示，中国比特币交易约占全球交易量的23%。虚拟货币所带来的风险已经引发监管部门的高度重视，接近监管层的人士表示，将取缔境内的虚拟货币交易场所。 According to data, China’s Bitcoin transactions account for about 23% of global transactions. The risk posed by virtual currencies has already triggered a high degree of attention on the part of regulators, with close to regulatory levels indicating that virtual currency trading sites in China will be closed. 以比特币为代表的虚拟货币虽然名字中带有“货币”二字，但并不是国家认可的法定货币，更多具备的是“投资品”属性。中国政法大学互联网金融法律研究院院长李爱君对《经济参考报》记者表示，二级市场交易在没有监管的情况下必然存在内幕交易与欺诈，虚拟货币公众交易平台必须得到规范，因为这里面充斥着价格炒作和市场操纵。 Virtual currency, represented by bitcoin, is not a state-sanctioned legal currency, but is more of an “investment” attribute. The director of the Internet Financial Law Institute of China University of Politics and Law said to the Economic Reference Journal that secondary market transactions necessarily involve insider trading and fraud without regulation, and that virtual currency public trading platforms must be regulated, as they are full of price speculation and market manipulation. 苏宁金融研究院互联网金融中心主任薛洪言也对《经济参考报》记者表示，“虚拟货币还具备支付工具的属性，其问题在于为洗钱、犯罪融资、规避外汇管制等提供渠道，且监管层目前缺乏有效的监测手段。” The Director of the Centre for Internet Finance at the Suning Institute of Finance, Xue Hongh, also stated to the correspondent of the Economic Reference Journal that “the virtual currency also has the attributes of a payment tool, the problem being the provision of channels for money-laundering, criminal financing, evasion of foreign exchange controls, etc., and the current lack of effective monitoring at the regulatory level”. 值得注意的是，有些人以虚拟货币做幌子，进行非法集资。所谓ICO(代币发行融资)，是指融资主体通过代币的违规发售、流通，向投资者筹集比特币、以太币等所谓虚拟货币，本质上是一种未经批准非法公开融资的行为。比特之眼创始人惠轶对记者表示，这些“币”到底吞噬了多少钱，目前无法统计，但从一些公开的新闻中可以略见一斑，维卡币(已被定性为传销)仅在湖南省涉案金额为16亿，广东省3.1亿，目前还在交易的黑暗币种中，达到百亿、千亿市值的比比皆是。日前，中国人民银行等七部委发布了《关于防范代币发行融资风险的公告》，各类代币发行融资活动应当立即停止。已完成代币发行融资的组织和个人应当做出清退等安排，合理保护投资者权益，妥善处置风险。 It is worth noting that some people illegally raise funds under the guise of virtual currency. The ICO (money-for-money-for-money-for-money financing) refers to the so-called virtual currency that is being raised from investors through illegal sales and circulation of tokens, such as bitcoins and coins, is essentially an unauthorized act of illegal public financing. The founder of Bit’s eye said to journalists how much money these “currencys” have consumed and are not currently statistically available, but some public news suggests that Vikaco (which has been characterized as passing) is involved only in Hunan province at 1.6 billion and Guangdong province at 310 million. 取缔比特币平台体现了今年以来监管层“强监管、防风险”的一贯思路，不过，接近监管层的人士也表示，取缔比特币交易平台，并非是取缔比特币。取缔平台是取消比特币与法币大量兑换的通道。 The closure of the Bitcoin platform reflects a consistent approach to “strong regulation, risk prevention” at the regulatory level since this year, although close to the regulatory level also suggests that banning the Bitcoin trading platform is not a ban on bitcoin. The ban platform is a way to eliminate the significant exchange of bitcoin with French currency. 业内人士表示，就虚拟货币而言，在可预见的未来，其支付工具属性是不被认可的，尤其是利用虚拟货币来进行违法犯罪的行为必将被遏制。“从短期来看，严监管有助于去除虚拟货币领域的投机泡沫，加速数百种虚拟货币的两极分化，中长期来看，少数有着坚实区块链生态基础的虚拟货币依旧会有持续的发展空间，而绝大多数虚拟货币市值会日益萎缩。”薛洪言表示。 Industry sources suggest that, in the foreseeable future, the attributes of payment instruments are unaccepted, especially the use of virtual currency for criminal offences, to be curbed. “In the short term, tight regulation helps to remove speculative bubbles in the virtual currency field, accelerating the polarization of hundreds of virtual currencies, and in the medium and long term, a few virtual currencies with a solid block-chain ecological base will continue to have sustainable development space, while the market value of the vast majority of virtual currencies will contract.” 另外，对虚拟货币交易平台的取缔和叫停ICO也不意味着监管层对区块链这一技术的否定。央行金融研究所所长孙国峰近日接受采访时指出，当前叫停ICO是十分必要和及时的，但是这并不妨碍相关的金融科技公司、行业机构、技术公司去继续研究区块链技术。区块链本身是好技术，并不是只有通过ICO才能进行区块链技术研究，还可以通过各种技术进行研究，不应当将区块链和ICO画等号，需要进一步拓宽研究和发展区块链技术的视野。 Moreover, the ban on virtual currency trading platforms and the suspension of the ICO do not mean that the regulatory hierarchy is disproved by the technology of block chains. The recent interview with the Director of the Central Bank’s Financial Research Institute, Sun Kuo Feng, pointed out that the suspension of the ICO is necessary and timely, but that this does not prevent the relevant financial and technological companies, industry institutions, and technology companies from continuing their research on block chain technology. “对虚拟货币的管制不会影响到现阶段区块链技术的发展。相反，在国内，区块链的商用化落地得到了监管机构的大力支持，各大金融机构也在积极探索推动，有望走在国际前列。”薛洪言表示。 “The regulation of virtual currency will not affect the development of block chain technology at this stage. On the contrary, the commercialization of block chains within the country is strongly supported by regulatory bodies, and major financial institutions are actively exploring the possibility of taking the lead internationally.” Xue Hongxiang states.
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