来源：巴比特资讯
Source: Babbit Information.
据Trustnodes 4月6日报道，ConsenSys的创始人，同时也是以太坊联合创始人的Joseph Lubin在Deconomy大会上发表了一次掷地有声的演讲。
On 6 April, Trustnodes reported that Joseph Lubin, the founder of ConsenSys and a co-founder of Taikus, had given a loud and loud speech at the Deconomy Congress.
在演讲中，Joseph Lubin阐述了以太坊作为全球结算层的愿景，而在这一过程中以太坊将干掉现有的封闭平台（walled garden，又名围墙花园或封闭生态系统，它是一个软件系统，在这个系统中，载体或服务提供商将控制应用程序、内容和媒体，并限制对未经批准的应用程序或内容的方便访问。这种类型的平台与开放平台形成了鲜明对比，在开放平台上，用户通常可以无限制地访问应用程序和内容）。
In his presentation, Joseph Lubin articulated his vision of the Tai Lok as a global clearing layer, in which the Tai Lok will kill the existing closed platform (walled garden, also known as wall garden or closed ecosystem, which is a software system in which carriers or service providers will control applications, content and the media and limit easy access to unauthorized applications or content. This type of platform contrasts sharply with open platforms, where users usually have unrestricted access to applications and content).
（图片来源：trustnodes）
& nbsp; & nbsp; & nbsp; & nbsp; & nbsp; & nbsp; & nbsp; & nbsp; & nbsp; & nbsp; & nbsp; & nbsp; & nbsp; (pict: trustnodes)
以下是其部分演讲内容。
Here are some of the presentations. & nbsp;
人们对于任何中心化信任的依赖，会使某些中介机构能够从交易中获取大量价值。但是信任革命将改变现有的这一切。
People’s reliance on any centralized trust would allow some intermediaries to derive a great deal of value from the transaction. But the trust revolution would change all that already exists.
区块链的信任特征来源于它的去中心化程度。即使多达一半的节点是恶意节点，但某些区块链网络仍然不能被不当操纵或欺骗。
The trust features of the block chain are derived from the degree to which it is decentralised. Even if as many as half of the nodes are malicious nodes, some block chain networks cannot be misguided or deceived.
中心化的封闭式平台不利于普通用户
Centralized closed platforms are not conducive to ordinary users
结算是完成交易或交易的行为。在股票或股票交易中，经纪公司客户之间的结算可以发生在经纪公司的层面，而其他类型的结算可能需要发生在基础层。
& nbsp; Settlement is the act of completing a transaction or transaction. In a stock or stock transaction, the settlement between the clients of the brokerage company can take place at the level of the brokerage company, while other types of settlement may need to take place at the base level.
在世界各地，这些基础层被称为中心化存管所。在韩国，它是韩国证券存管所。
All over the world, these layers are known as centralization. In Korea, it's a Korean securities repository.
实际上，现在并不存在一个全球统一的金融体系。现在的金融体系都是各自为政的封闭系统：不同管辖范围服务的经纪公司、各国的中央储蓄机构，以及银行。拿银行举例，一家银行要想在全国范围内处理业务并完成交易，它就需要通过代理银行及相关关系从自己的封闭平台进入到另一个封闭平台。
In fact, there is no single global financial system. The financial system is now a fragmented closed system: brokerage firms serving different jurisdictions, central savings agencies in various countries, and banks.
在金融行业之外的各种平台也都有类似的结算机制。Ebay、PayPal、万事达和亚马逊就可以被视为能进行某些交易的结算平台。Google Play和苹果的App Store也可以被当做是结算平台。当然，还有旅游网站等等。
There are similar settlement mechanisms in various platforms outside the financial sector. Ebay, PayPal, MasterCard, and Amazon can be seen as clearing platforms for some transactions. Google Play and Apple App Store can also be considered as clearing platforms.
这些平台所关注的主要问题都不是如何给消费者带来更多好处，而是想办法从用户那里获取价值的最大化。这些平台都会把保护自己产品的定价权、限制用户的使用自由以及选择当做它们考虑的优先选项。
The main concerns of these platforms are not how to increase the benefits to consumers, but rather how to maximize their value from users. These platforms tend to protect the pricing rights of their products, limit user freedom of use, and select priority options for their consideration.
可以说，传统经济相当于创造了一条最深、最宽的护城河，它保护的是有竞争力的企业。
It can be said that the traditional economy is equivalent to the creation of the deepest and widest moat, which protects competitive enterprises.
软件和游戏开发者、医生、音乐家、教师和优步司机等服务提供商也在各自不同的行业中遭遇着这些平台的攻击。
Service providers such as software and game developers, doctors, musicians, teachers and eugenic drivers also face attacks from these platforms in their different industries.
几十年来，软件开发者不得不应对各种平台，如AOL、CompuServe、Windows、Mac，以及现在的封闭式平台网络：iOS、各种安卓系统、Facebook、App Store和Google Play。
For decades, software developers have had to deal with various platforms, such as AOL, CompuServe, Windows, Mac, and now closed platform networks: iOS, Andre Systems, Facebook, App Store and Google Play.
而在游戏领域，游戏赖以生存的平台，也就是它们的结算层也一直都是私有的，这使得游戏工作室变得非常脆弱。
In the field of play, the platform on which the game depends for its survival, i.e. their settlement layer, has always been private, making the play studio very vulnerable.
从平台开始崛起并占据主导的主机战争（console wars），到Facebook通过改变平台的经济和数据访问方式而将游戏开发者挤出市场，再到如今扮演着同样强大中介角色的应用商店，我们看到了中心化所带来的一系列问题。
From the platform’s emergence and dominance of the host war (console wars), to Facebook’s exclusion of game developers from the market by changing the platform’s economic and data access patterns, to the application shop, which now plays an equally powerful intermediary role, we see a series of problems posed by centralization.
纵观历史，要想让用户能获得更多的好处，必须要付出一定的代价。目前在一些区块链平台上，开发者只需要支付几美分就可以在几秒钟内随意部署或使用软件。这可以说是在炎热的夏天刮来了一阵清风。以太坊可以让开发工作室带来他们自己的可扩展解决方案，如Loom或Axie Infinity可以将其锚定到以太坊区块链上：这是一个完全去中心化的平台，用户就是它的所有者。
Over the course of history, there is a price to pay if users are to gain more. On some block-chain platforms, developers can deploy or use software at will for a few cents in a few seconds.
IBM Fabric、Corda并不是全球结算层的最佳选择
IBM Fabric, Corda is not the best option for a global clearing.
假设我们认为自由、选择和信任最大化是一件好事，那么对于一个我们可以在它上面构建我们产业和集体努力的全球结算层来说，什么才是最佳选择呢？
& nbsp; Assuming that we consider freedom, choice and trust to be a good thing, what is the best option for a global clearing house over which we can build our industries and collective efforts?
也许是IBM Fabric？不，在我看来，除了相对较小的私有和受许可系统网络之外，IBM Fabric是不可能有任何发展的。Fabric可以发布通证，但仅用于有限的情况。Fabric的技术促进了平台的锁定。
Maybe IBM Fabric? No, it seems to me that IBM Fabric is unlikely to develop in any way other than a relatively small network of private and licensed systems. Fabric can issue a pass, but only in limited cases. Fabric’s technology facilitates the lock-in of the platform.
R3的Corda是受区块链启发的软件，它是主要用于银行业的应用程序。它更多给予的是点对点的信任，而不是共享信任。Corda可以发放通证，但也仅限于有限的情况，而且Corda作为一种技术也促进了平台的锁定功能。
R3 Corda is a block chain inspired software that is primarily used in the banking industry. It gives more trust to point-to-point than to share trust. Corda can issue a pass, but it is limited to a limited number of cases, and Corda, as a technology, also promotes the platform’s locking function.
EOS并没有那么去中心化，它存在不少问题
EOS isn't that central. It's got a lot of problems.
那EOS怎么样呢？正如人们一直所争论的那样，一个由21个加密货币大户所控制的平台并没有那么的去中心化。如果这些超级节点愿意的话，他们可以进行串通并对区块链进行审查。此外，政府和其他资源丰富的参与者可以贿赂这些超级节点或强迫他们违背自己的意愿，最终影响到该平台用户的利益和安全。
& nbsp; what about EOS? As has always been argued, a platform controlled by 21 large, encrypted money households is not so centralized. If these supernodes so wish, they can collude and examine the block chain. Moreover, government and other resource-rich participants can bribe or force them to use them against their will, ultimately affecting the interests and security of the platform’s users.
也许有人会说，如果这些超级节点表现的不好，他们将被投票出局，而这正是该体系去中心化的主要原因。但不幸的是，对于任何人来说，他们都没有一套好的方法去发现这些超级节点是否互相有所串通，或者已经被腐化，或者被迫采取某种不适当的行动。
Perhaps some would say that if these supernodes perform poorly, they will be voted out, which is the main reason for the system’s centralization. Unfortunately, for no one, they have a good way of finding out whether these supernodes are colluded, corrupted, or forced to take some inappropriate action.
如果游戏领域使用EOS作为平台，我相信那些具有高价值通证的游戏不会选择EOS，因为在这个平台上通证被盗真的是太容易了。
If EOS were to be used as a platform in the field of games, I am sure that high-value games will not choose EOS, because it is too easy to steal it on this platform.
Polkadot团队很强，但属于高度受控制的区块链
Polkadot's team is strong, but it's a highly controlled block chain.
Polkadot系统是由Parity（Parity 以太坊客户端的开发者）构建的。Parity是一支非常强大的队伍。
The & nbsp; Polkadot system is built by Parity (Paracy developer of Taiwan clients). Parity is a very powerful team.
Polkadot将通过一个主链（中继链，Relay Chain）和多个平行链（parachains）来实现其可扩展性。同时，Polkadot计划在2019年第三季度推出其中继链机制。
Polkadot will achieve its scalability through one main chain (relay chain) and several parallel chains (parachains). At the same time, Polkadot plans to launch the secondary chain mechanism in the third quarter of 2019.
Polkadot认为通过转接桥（bridge），以太坊就能与Polkadot的中继链相连接，从而将以太坊上面的数据或信息传递到其它的平行链上。除了以太坊，现有的区块链都可以通过转接桥与Polkadot的网络相连接。
Polkadot believes that by turning the bridge (bridge), the district will be connected to Polkadot’s relay chain, so that data or information from above will be transmitted to other parallel chains. With the exception of the district, the existing block chain will be connected to Polkadot’s network via the bridge.
而任何平行链要像连接到Polkadot的中继链，都必须由DOT（Polkadot系统通证）的持有者来投票进行决定。此外，在被认为不符合多数人的意愿时，这些DOT的持有者还可以选择暂停平行链，或者将平行链从系统中移除。
For any parallel chain to be connected to Polkadot, the decision must be taken by a vote of the holder of the DOT (Polkadot system pass). In addition, the holders of these DOTs may choose to suspend the parallel chain or remove the parallel chain from the system if it is deemed to be inconsistent with the wishes of the majority.
实际上，这是一个受许可的系统，将整个平行链网络列入白名单和黑名单是Polkadot链上治理系统的核心原则。
In fact, it is a licensed system, and placing the entire network of parallel chains on white lists and blacklists is the core principle of the governance system in the Polkadot chain.
我们可以想象一个平行链可以选择不允许任何人上传Dapp，但最终DOT的持有者可能会对此表示异议并最终做出决策。因此，对与一个平行链来说，提供这样的政策可能就过于危险了。
We can imagine that a parallel chain would have the option of not allowing anyone to upload Dapp, but eventually DOT holders might object to it and ultimately make decisions. Providing such a policy might therefore be too dangerous for a parallel chain.
Polkadot很可能是一个受许可的、高度控制的区块链平台。
Polkadot is likely to be a licensed, highly controlled block chain platform.
Cosmos和Dfinity缺少灵活性，以太坊将是全球结算层的最佳选择
Cosmos and Defense lacked flexibility, and Tails would be the best option on the global clearing floor
Cosmos也有非常强大的开发队伍，但它并没有真正提出一个基本的信任层，它似乎更专注于让不同的独立平台能够并行地进行互操作。而且在未来的几年里，除了让通证能够在网络边界上自由传送之外，平台之间似乎不会有太多的互操作性。
& nbsp; Cosmos also has a very powerful development team, but it does not really propose a basic layer of trust, and it seems more focused on enabling different stand-alone platforms to interact in parallel. And, in the coming years, there does not seem to be much interoperability between platforms, apart from allowing the pass to be freely transmitted across the network’s borders.
Cosmos团队认为通证的转移将是主要的、或者说最重要的互操作用例。我希望Cosmos作为第二层的解决方案具有良好的实用价值，它能在必要时链接到基础信任层。Cosmos也希望通过一个通证性的桥梁与以太坊进行连接。
The Cosmos team believes that translator transfers will be the main, or the most important, interoperability case. I hope that Cosmos, as a second-tier solution, will be of good practical value by linking to the base of trust when necessary. Cosmos also wants to connect to the Etherm through a translator bridge.
Dfinity拥有一支非常强大的团队。目前因为Dfinity是一个由一小部分投资者和通证持有者所控制的封闭系统，尽管这些人表示他们将开源项目，但这很难说，在我看来他们对是项目否开源不感兴趣。作为一个全球基本信任和协议层，它更像是AWS的一个去中心化的替代品。
Because Dfinity is now a closed system controlled by a small number of investors and transient holders who say they're open-source projects, it is difficult to say that, in my view, they are not interested in the project. As a basic level of global trust and agreement, it is more like a decentralized alternative to AWS.
最终，Dfinity似乎是不可能作为全球的基本信任层的，因为它和Cosmos所做的一个基本设计选择将会禁止这一点。Dfinity和Cosmos都更偏爱安全性或一致性，而不是可用性和灵活性。
Ultimately, Dhinity seems unlikely to be a fundamental layer of global confidence, because one of the fundamental design choices that it and Cosmos have made will prohibit it. Both Dhinity and Cosmos prefer safety or consistency, rather than availability and flexibility.
因此，我承认也许我的观点多少有些偏见，但是作为信任层，即地球的全球结算层目前只有一个可行的选择，那就是以太坊。
So, I admit that my views may be somewhat biased, but as a layer of trust, the Earth's global clearinghouse, there is only one viable option at present: the Etherm.
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