(网经社讯)导读：国务院印发的《“十四五”数字经济发展规划》提出，到2025年，数字经济迈向全面扩展期，数字经济核心产业增加值占GDP达到10%。纵深推进工业数字化转型，加快推动研发设计、生产制造、经营管理、市场服务等全生命周期数字化转型。推动数字城乡融合发展，因地制宜构建数字孪生城市。作为数字经济的集成，随着数字经济产业值及技术的持续提升，工业元宇宙将进入快速发展阶段。
从国家到地方层面，以数字孪生、工业互联网、元宇宙为代表的数字产业成为中国“十四五”期间经济发展的重点，政策在驱动关键技术发展的同时，加速元宇宙在工业制造、文旅、汽车等行业的融合落地。
From the national to the local level, the digital industry, represented by digital twins, the industrial Internet and the Won-Cosmos, became the focus of China's economic development during the “14th Five-Fifteenth” period, and policies accelerated the integration of the Won-Cosmos into industries such as industrial manufacturing, travel and automobiles, while driving key technological developments.
从技术端来看，数字化智能改造和产业融合是“十四五”规划的重点推进工作，以人工智能、VR/AR、数字孪生为代表的数字技术将迎来快速发展；从需求端来看，政策驱动企业数字化转型，深化研发设计、生产制造等环节的数字化应用，鼓励数字化平台与工具的发展与普及。从发展方向看，全面推行数字化转型和升级是中国当前发展的战略重点，工业元宇宙则是数字化发展的必然趋势。
At the technical level, digital intelligence transformation and industrial integration are the priorities of the 14th Five-Year Plan, and digital technology, represented by artificial intelligence, VR/AR, digital twin, will evolve rapidly. At the demand side, policy drives the digital transformation of enterprises, deepens the digital application of the design of research and development, manufacturing, etc., and encourages the development and diffusion of digital platforms and tools.
1、工业元宇宙的价值与定义
1. Values and definitions of the industrial universe
工业元宇宙即将元宇宙相关技术，包括物联网技术、AI技术、交互技术、智能网络技术、超级算力技术、区块链技术、数字孪生技术和虚拟引擎技术等，应用在工业领域，在虚拟世界中实现对现实工业环境中的研发设计、生产制造、运维管理、销售服务等环节和场景的全面模拟，覆盖工业生产全链条环节，通过融合虚拟世界和现实世界，实现工业的改进和优化，形成全新的制造和服务体系。
The industrial meta-cosm is being applied to technology related to the meta-cosm, including technology for networking of goods, AI technology, interactive technology, smart network technology, super-calculatory technology, block chain technology, digital twin technology and virtual engine technology, in the industrial field, to the full simulation of the design of R & D, production manufacturing, transport maintenance management, marketing services and scenes in the real industrial environment in the virtual world, to cover the entire chain of industrial production, to improve and optimize industry and to create a completely new manufacturing and service system by integrating the virtual and real world.
工业元宇宙最重要的价值在于，对现代工业的复杂系统，做彻底的、全方位的、系统的数字孪生，使整个工业处于完全的数字化、智能化和信息化的直观状态，并且使整个工业体系能够在虚拟化的背景下重构，这种重构打破了传统工业、行业和企业的边界与束缚，真正实现在技术支撑下的产业融合，最大化地提高生产效率。
The most important value of the industrial meta-cosm is that a complete, comprehensive and systematic digital twin-up of the complex systems of modern industry places the entire industry in a state of full digital, intelligent and informative visualization and allows the entire industrial system to be reconfigured in a context of virtualization, which breaks the boundaries and constraints of traditional industries, industries and enterprises, genuinely integrates industries supported by technology and maximizes production efficiency.
其次，工业元宇宙实现可持续性的降本增效。通过设备数字孪生及流程全面数字化，提供生产系统的全数字孪生镜像，工业元宇宙能够实现生产托管，对物流、物资配送等，提供供应链的全链条管理；对能源、电力等，提供镜像分析与模拟试错场景；解决迭代试错成本高昂、升级困难的问题，实现可持续性的降本增效。
Second, the industrial meta-coastal achieves sustainable mitigation efficiencies. Through the digital twinling of equipment and the full digitization of processes, it provides a full digital twin-gauge of the production system, the industrial cosmos can provide production hosting, logistics, material distribution, etc., and whole chain management of the supply chain; for energy, electricity, etc., it provides mirror analysis and simulation of the wrong scene; and it addresses the high cost of iterative testing and the difficulty of upgrading to achieve sustainable mitigation efficiency gains.
2、工业元宇宙产业链图谱
2. The chain map of the industrial-cosmos industry
工业元宇宙产业链可分为基础设施层、核心层和应用层，中国企业在基础设施层的布局相对领先，基本可实现自主可控；核心层的关键技术、软硬件等主要依赖进口；应用层多为本土企业与外企协同合作。
The industrial meta-cosm chain can be divided into infrastructure layers, core layers and application layers. Chinese enterprises are relatively ahead of the infrastructure layer and are largely autonomous; key technology, hardware and software at the core are mainly dependent on imports; and the application layer is often characterized by collaboration between home-grown enterprises and foreign firms.
当前中国企业在数字孪生引擎（如虚拟引擎，可视化工具集）领域主要依赖海外引进，而Unity引擎为其中的主流代表。Unity在引擎技术方面处于绝对的行业领先地位，尤其在游戏开发领域。2021年，全球排名前1000的移动游戏中，用Unity引擎开发的数量高达71%，同时，Unity引擎也在建筑、汽车、制造等泛工业领域被广泛地应用。
Unity is an absolute industry leader in engine technology, especially in game development. In 2021, the number of Unity engines developed in the world’s top 1,000 mobile games was as high as 71%, while Unity engines were widely used in construction, automobiles, manufacturing, etc.
现阶段工业元宇宙的应用场景主要集中在智慧城市、智慧交通、智能制造、智慧建筑、智能汽车、智慧能源等领域，通常由中国企业协同海外企业共同完成。
At this stage, applications in the industrial universe are concentrated in the fields of smart cities, intelligent transportation, intelligent manufacturing, intelligent architecture, smart cars, and smart energy, often carried out by Chinese enterprises in collaboration with overseas enterprises.
3、工业元宇宙产业发展机遇
3. Opportunities for industrial cosmopolitan industry development
在《“十四五”规划和2035年远景目标纲要》《“十四五”数字经济发展规划》等政策引导的数字化转型浪潮下，针对促进元宇宙相关技术与各行业的深度融合，工业元宇宙以实现物理世界与信息世界交互与共融的需求应运而生，以实现制造业、工业等行业全要素、全产业链、全价值链的互联互通，从而不断催生新业态、新模式和新产业，相关企业将在这次数字化浪潮中尽享时代发展红利。
Under a wave of digital transformation guided by policies such as the Fourteenth Plan and the Outline of Vision 2035, the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for Digital Economic Development, and aimed at promoting the deep integration of meta-cosm-related technologies with industries, the industrial meta-cosm was created to meet the needs of the physical world to interact and integrate with the information world in order to achieve connectivity across industries such as manufacturing, industry, whole chains, entire value chains, etc., thereby constantly generating new business patterns, new models and new industries, and the firms concerned will benefit from the development dividends of the era in this wave of digitalization.
中国数字经济规模于2021年达到45.5亿元，占GDP比重为39.8%，成为中国经济增长的主要引擎。尽管中国数字经济规模稳居世界第二，但制造业、工业等领域的数字化水平仍然不高，例如2020年中国数字工业经济渗透率仅为21%，仍有广阔的增长空间。
China’s digital economy, which reached 4.55 billion yuan in 2021, represents 39.8% of GDP, and is the main engine of growth in China. Although China’s digital economy is the second largest in the world, digitalization levels in manufacturing, industry, and so on remain low, for example, with China’s digital industry having only 21% penetration in 2020, and much room for growth.
当前中国处于迈向高质量发展的转变阶段，产业数字化转型升级是其中的重要抓手，在此背景下，中国将加速推动数字化技术与实体经济的深度融合，为数据标准与安全、数字人才培育、新一代信息技术发展等领域带来新的发展机遇。
In the context of China's current transition towards high-quality development, in which the upgrading of industrial digitalization is an important enabler, China will accelerate its efforts to promote the deep integration of digital technology with the real economy, bringing new development opportunities in areas such as data standards and security, digital talent development and new-generation information technology development.
4、工业元宇宙技术架构
4. Industrial space technology architecture
在政策规划支撑下，工业元宇宙的技术架构链条逻辑上分为基础层、技术层、能力层、终端层、应用层五大板块。其中核心技术层涉及多类技术群的融合和创新，能力层是工业数字孪生核心技术能力构成。完整的“工业元宇宙平台”将赋能工业制造、城市规划与管理、建筑工程与施工、交通、能源等行业领域。
Under the aegis of policy planning, the technological architecture of the industrial meta-cosmos is logically divided into five main layers, technological layers, capability layers, terminal layers, and application layers. The core technological layer involves the integration and innovation of multiple technological clusters, with the capability layer comprising the core technical capabilities of the industrial digital twin. The complete “Industrial space platform” will give industrial manufacturing, urban planning and management, architectural and construction, transport, energy, etc.
工业元宇宙丰富的特征和广泛的应用决定它的实现具有高复杂度，涉及多类技术群的融合和创新。工业元宇宙技术体系包括数字孪生技术群、智能网络技术群、泛AI技术群、新信息通信技术群以及工业制造相关技术群。多类新型技术的融合创新为工业元宇宙深入建设、迭代升级提供支撑能力。
The rich features and wide-ranging applications of the industrial meta-cosmos determine the complexity of its realization, involving the integration and innovation of multiple technological clusters. The technological systems of the industrial meta-cosmos include digital twin technologies, intelligent network technologies, pan-AI technologies, new information and communication technologies, and related technological clusters of industrial manufacturing.
工业元宇宙通过应用数字孪生技术实现城市物理空间、社会空间以及数字空间在时间维度和空间维度更加精准的映射、更加紧密的连接和更加多维的联动，通过AI、物联网、云计算、区块链等新一代信息技术实现三元空间的协同演进和共生共智。
Through the application of digital twin technologies, the industrial meta-cosmos achieves a more accurate mapping of urban physical space, social space and digital space in time and space dimensions, a closer connection and a more multi-dimensional connection, and a new generation of information technologies, such as AI, object networking, cloud computing, block chains, etc., achieves a coordinated evolution and symbiotic symbiosis of the tri-space.
5、工业元宇宙技术实现路径
5. Path to the realization of industrial cosmos technology
工业元宇宙是数字孪生与元宇宙对偶，是元宇宙在工业相关领域的映射。实时IOT数据在数字孪生模型中的应用推动工业全业务流程闭环优化，并持续通过数据修正和完善物理模型。技术层面，在工业自动化的基础上，数字孪生在实时性、参与度和闭环性等方面提出了更高的要求，因此将会由许多独立工具、平台、基础设施、协议等来支持其运行。
At the technical level, digital twins, on the basis of industrial automation, impose higher requirements in terms of real-timeness, participation and closedness, and will therefore be supported by a number of independent tools, platforms, infrastructure, protocols, etc.
数字孪生的本质是设备可识别标识、工程人员知识经验及管理层关键决策在系统流程中的闭环传递，最终助力企业实现高水平的数字化、智能化转型。随着工业互联网、5G、AI、云计算等技术成熟度提升，数字孪生的应用逐步拓宽和深化。
The essence of digital twinkling is that equipment identifiers, engineering personnel’s knowledge experience, and key management decisions are passed in closed loops in the system’s processes, ultimately helping firms to achieve a high level of digitalization and intelligent transformation. As the technological maturity of industrial Internet, 5G, AI, cloud computing, etc., increases, the application of digital twinkling is widening and deepening.
从工业元宇宙的实现路径来看，关键的技术路径是数字孪生对物理对象向更精准数字化映射。实现物理对象的结构包含对象名称、外观形状、实时工况、工程机理、复杂机理等不同组成部分，而每一部分均可通过数字化工具在虚拟空间进行重构；如对象名称可以通过信息模型表述，外观形状可以通过CAD建模表述，实时工况可以由IOT数据采集进行表述，工程机理可以通过仿真建模进行模拟，以及复杂机理可通过AI解构。
In terms of the path to the realization of the industrial meta-cosm, the key technological path is a digital twin to a more accurate digital mapping of physical objects. The structure of the physical objects consists of different components, such as object names, physical appearances, real-time work, engineering and complex mechanics, each of which can be reconfigured in virtual space through digitalization tools; if the object name can be expressed in an information model, the physical shape can be presented in a CAD model, the real-time profile can be expressed in an IOT data collection, the engineering machine can be simulated by simulation, and the complex machine can be deconstructed through AI.
传统数字化应用更多是在描述物理对象某个剖面特点，数字孪生是基于多类数据与模型的集成融合实现对物理对象更精准、更全面的刻画。
Traditional digitalization applications are more likely to describe an profile of a physical object, and the digital twin is based on the integration of multiple types of data and models to achieve a more precise and comprehensive depiction of a physical object.
6、工业元宇宙功能应用
6. Industrial cosmology applications
三维建模是构建元宇宙的基石。在元宇宙的空间中，物理对象数字化的过程即是其在虚拟空间中三维重建的过程，结合数字孪生，可对真实世界的物理对象在虚拟空间中完成映射，实现1:1的三维仿真模型。
Three-dimensional modelling is the cornerstone of building a meta-cosm. In the meta-cosmos space, the process of digitizing physical objects is the process of reconstructing them in virtual space, combining digital twines to map physical objects of the real world in virtual space and achieve a three-dimensional simulation model of 1:1.
在三维建模的基础上，融合工业互联网平台、人工智能、云计算等技术，可实现对整个工厂的运作流程的模拟仿真；以真实的生产线为基础，通过对真实生产线上的每一台设备进行实景三维建模与仿真，并将搭建好的三维仿真模型置入虚拟空间内，以此搭建出一整套虚拟的生产线，并进行数据同步，完成真实生产线和虚拟生产线的实时联动，并可通过智能终端操控虚拟对象，以虚实设备联动的方式完成对物理设备的远程指令下达。
On the basis of three-dimensional modelling, the integration of technology such as industrial Internet platforms, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, etc., enables simulations of the operating process of the entire plant; on the basis of a real production line, remote instructions for physical equipment can be completed by means of a virtual connection of a virtual device by means of a three-dimensional simulation model based on a real production line and a three-dimensional simulation model built into a virtual space, with data synchronization, real-time connection between a real production line and a virtual production line, and a virtual object controlled by an intelligent terminal.
同时，实时联动的物理对象及其数字孪生体，能够高效地帮助管理者进行产线、设备的实时监测与运维管理。借助虚拟交互技术与VR/AR等终端设备，用户可进入到搭建好的虚拟场景中，参观数字工厂，与虚拟世界形成交互。
At the same time, physical objects connected in real time and their digital twines can efficiently help managers with production lines, equipment, real-time monitoring and transport management. With virtual interactive technology and end-of-life devices such as VR/AR, users can access built-up virtual scenes, visit digital factories, and interact with the virtual world.
7、工业元宇宙应用场景
7. Application of the Industrial Dollar Cosmos
中国工业元宇宙持续渗透多个行业的应用场景，目前在智慧城市、交通、汽车、建筑、制造、能源等行业已有不同程度的应用：
China's industrial universe continues to penetrate applications in a number of industries and is currently being used to varying degrees in intelligent cities, transportation, automobiles, construction, manufacturing, energy, etc.:
（1）在制造业领域，工业元宇宙聚焦于产品数字化设计、工艺流程管控和重大设备管理等场景，赋能生产制造全流程数字化、智能化、可视化与自动化；
(1) In the manufacturing sector, the industrial universe focuses on such scenarios as product digitization design, process control and major equipment management, enabling the production of process-wide digitization, intelligence, visualization and automation;
（2）在城市管理领域，工业元宇宙赋能城市规划、建设、治理、优化等全生命周期环节，实现城市全要素数字化、全状态可视化、管理决策智能化等；
(ii) In the area of urban management, industrial cosmopolitan enabling urban planning, construction, governance, optimization, etc., throughout the life cycle, with a view to digitizing the city as a whole, full visualization, intellectual management decision-making, etc.;
（3）在交通与汽车领域，工业元宇宙应用于交通工具的功能设计与研发、仿真测试、自动驾驶、故障诊断与设备维护等细分场景，助力城市交通智慧水平显著提高，大幅提升市民出行体验；
(3) In the area of transport and automobiles, the industrial cosmos is used in the functional design and development of transport vehicles, simulation tests, autopilots, fault diagnosis and equipment maintenance. The level of urban traffic intelligence is significantly improved and citizens'travel experience is greatly enhanced;
（4）在建筑领域，工业元宇宙赋能建筑规划设计、实施、运营维护等环节，实现高效、协作、低碳、安全的建筑产业现代化；
(4) In the area of construction, the design, implementation and maintenance of industrial-cosmos-enabling architecture, among other components, to modernize the efficient, collaborative, low-carbon and safe construction industry;
（5）在能源领域，工业元宇宙的应用覆盖能源生产、储运、管理和消费等场景，赋能能源系统全要素数字化、实时化、智能化和可视化。
(5) In the field of energy, applications in the industrial universe cover such scenarios as energy production, storage, management and consumption, digitization, real-time, intelligence and visualization of all elements of an energy-enabling system.
8、工业元宇宙应用实践之Unity与腾讯云RayData
Unity and RayData of the Application Practice of the Industrial Dollar Cosmos
当前，中国进入数字中国建设的提速阶段。三维图形生成、动态环境建模、快速渲染处理等技术的创新，让线上线下、虚拟现实之间不再有明确的边界，催生出大量数字孪生应用场景。
At present, China is entering the advanced phase of digital China’s construction. The innovation of technologies such as three-dimensional graphic creation, dynamic environmental modelling, fast-recording processing, etc., makes it possible to move away from a clear border between online and virtual realities and to create a large number of digital twin applications.
在这样的时代背景下，腾讯云RayData携手Unity，带来更加丰富的生产资料、高效规范的工作流程和极具生产力的产品工具，正与百万开发者一起，共同加速数字中国建设，释放更多的数字生产力。
Against the background of such an era, RayData, in partnership with Unity, brings a wealth of productive resources, efficient and regulated work processes and highly productive product tools, and is working with millions of developers to accelerate the construction of digital China and release more digital productivity.
腾讯云具备在数字孪生、3D引擎、实时渲染、边缘计算等全真互联技术体系推进数实融合的作用，以及安全可靠的云服务。腾讯云旗下的RayData是大数据可视化领域的开拓者，拥有丰富的大数据可视化行业经验。而Unity在3D内容创作和运营领域有深厚积累，腾讯云与Unity具备充足的合作空间，双方于2022年9月30日签署战略合作协议，携手打造行业最佳实践。
RayData, under the umbrella of the Trend Cloud, is a pioneer in big data visualization, with a wealth of experience in big data visualization. Unity has accumulated in 3D content creation and operation, and there is ample scope for cooperation between the two, and a strategic cooperation agreement was signed on 30 September 2022 to develop industry best practices.
Unity与腾讯云RayData就产品与技术、平台与生态等维度进行深入合作
In-depth collaboration between Unity and Xengsun RayData on product and technology, platform and ecology, etc.
产品与解决方案：发挥双方各自的优势，融入GIS、BI等行业模块，联合打造行业级客户端和SaaS级产品，打造面向工业元宇宙时代的标准化产品解决方案。
Products and solutions: Building on each other's respective strengths, incorporating industry modules such as GIS, BI, joint construction of industry-level clients and SaaS-grade products, and building standardized product solutions for the time of the industrial meta-cosmos.
平台：双方结合RayData积累的数字化生产资料和Unity广阔的产品平台，以及更多数字化企业和团队，打造全行业资产中台，持续提供内容和功能迭代服务与技术支持，实现全行业覆盖，满足行业对于敏捷化生产的需求。
Platforms: In combination with RayData's accumulated digital production resources and the wide range of Unity's product platforms, as well as more digital enterprises and teams, build an industry-wide asset centre, provide ongoing content and functional iterative services and technical support, achieve industry-wide coverage and meet industry demand for agile production.
行业标准：双方通过统一产品出口来推动数字孪生标准工作流程的建设。
Industry standards: Both sides contribute to the construction of digital twin standard work processes through the harmonization of product exports.
技术：腾讯云RayData强大的数据可视化技术和Unity的3D引擎技术融合，赋能产业开发者释放数字化生产力。此外，双方致力于通过确立技术路线，让项目成果可高效复用，从而提高项目品控，降低人效成本。
Technology: The powerful data visualization technology of RayData and the 3D engine technology of Unity combine to enable industrial developers to release digital productivity. In addition, the two sides are committed to improving project control and reducing human cost by establishing technology routes that allow for efficient reuse of project results.
生态：通过产品与解决方案的打造，平台的开发以及技术的融合能够将双方的生态圈融合并进一步扩大，覆盖更多用户、企业和开发者等，构建更全面更多元的生态。
Ecology: Through the creation of products and solutions, the development of platforms and the integration of technologies can integrate and further expand the two communities, covering more users, businesses and developers, etc., to build more comprehensive eco-economy.
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