去中心化应用是可以使用户和供应商之间直接互动的服务(例如，连接某些市场上的买方和卖方，文件存储里的持有者和储存者)。以太坊去中心化应用典型地通过HTML/Javascript网络应用与用户互动，使用Javascript API与区块链通信。去中心化应用典型地在区块链上有自己的相关合约套件，用来编码商业逻辑，允许持久存储对共识要求严格的状态。记住由于以太坊网络上的运算天生冗余，执行的gas成本会比离链的私人执行成本更高。这就激励着去中心化应用开发者限制执行的代码数量和储存在区块链上的代码数量。
Decentralization applications allow for direct interaction between users and suppliers (e.g. buyers and sellers in some markets, holders and storeers in document storage). Decentralization applications typically use HTML/Javascript to interact with users, using Javascript API to communicate with block chains. Decentralization applications typically have their own contract packages on block chains to encode business logic and allow for persistent storage in a state where consensus requirements are strict. Remember that, due to the natural redundancy of the cell networks, the cost of executing gass is higher than the private enforcement cost of the off-chain. This encourages decentralization developers to limit the number of codes executed and the number of codes stored on block chains.
使用以太坊的去中心化应用被编译到以下列表，在开发的不同阶段列出(概念，工作原型，实时/部署的)。如果你在开发去中心化应用， 考虑向这些列表添加入口：
Use Ether's decentralisation applications to be compiled into the following lists, listed at different stages of development (concepts, working prototypes, real time/deployment). If you are developing decentralised applications, consider adding an entrance to these lists:
- Dapps 的Ethercasts状态
- Dappslist
- Dappcentral – 去中心化应用的分类页面，带说明，代码验证和网络数据。
- Dapps邮件列表 – 以太坊上的开发者邮件列表(停止使用)。
列表中提供的去中心化服务覆盖大范围的领域，包括金融，保险，预测市场，社交网络，运算和存储分配，赌博，市场，物联网，管理，合作，开发和游戏。
The decentralised services provided in the list cover a wide range of areas, including finance, insurance, forecasting markets, social networks, calculation and storage distribution, gambling, markets, material networking, management, cooperation, development and play.
将来，去中心化应用可能会在去中心化应用浏览器里集成的dappstores中列出和分配。
In the future, decentralized applications may be listed and distributed in dappstores integrated in decentralised application browsers.
- Mist – 由基金会开发的官方GUI去中心化应用浏览器，开发阶段。 Mist as Wallet dapp在试用中。
- Syng – Jarrad Hope开发的移动以太坊浏览器(开发阶段) – 由DEVgrants支持
- MetaMask – Aaron Kumavis Davis的浏览器内GUI。Github上的Epicenter Bitcoin访谈 – 由DEVgrants支持
- AlethZero – C++ eth客户端GUI(停止使用)。
- Supernova – (停止使用)。
去中心化应用开发需要理解Web3 Javascript API， the JSON RPC API和Solidity编程语言。
Going to centralize application development requires understanding of the Web3 Javascript API, the JSON RPC API and Solidity programming languages.
注意：有开发者工具帮助你开发、测试和部署去中心化应用，自动使用以下列出的资源。
Note: Developer tools are available to help you develop, test and deploy decentralised applications, using automatically the resources listed below.
- Web3 JavaScript API – 想要和以太坊节点交互的时候，主要用到的JavaScript SDK。
- JSON RPC API – 与节点交互的低级JSON RPC 2.0界面。这个API被Web3 JavaScript API使用。
- Solidity Docs – Solidity是以太坊开发的智能合约语言，编译到以太坊虚拟机操作码。
- 测试网络 – 测试网络帮助开发者开发和测试以太坊代码及网络互动，不需花费主网络上自己的以太币。测试网络选项在下面列出。
- 去中心化应用开发资源。这会帮助你开发，排错和部署以太坊应用。
- 智能合约 ELI5：https://blog.slock.it/a-primer-to-the-decentralized-autonomous-organization-dao-69fb125bd3cd
- 向101小白介绍编程智能合约
- 标准化合约API列表
示例
Example:
- pricefeed使用实例 – web3脚本打印所有的账户余额
- 以太坊合约实例
https://dappsforbeginners.wordpress.com/tutorials/your-first-dapp/ https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Dapp-Developer-Resources
教程
Academy
- ethereum.org上的去中心化应用教程
- 去中心化应用初学者教程系列
- Eris的Solidity教程系列
- 高级Solidity教程
- http://ethereumj.io/blog/2015/09/09/friendly-ether-bot/
- https://github.com/ConsenSys/ether-pudding
Mix是官方以太坊IDE，它允许开发者在以太坊区块链创建和部署合约及去中心化应用。它包含一个Solidity源代码排错器。
Mix is the official Ether's IDE, which allows developers to create and deploy contracts and decentralise applications in the Ether's block chain. It contains a Solidity source error.
下面是用于写以太坊去中心化应用的开发者框架和IDE。
The following are the developers' frameworks and IDEs used to write decentralised applications in the Taikus.
- Truffle – Truffle是以太坊的开发环境，测试框架和资产管道。
- Dapple – Dapple是Solidity开发者工具以帮助建立和管理以太坊类似的区块链上复杂的合约体系。
- Populus – Populus是用Python语言写的智能合约开发框架。
- Eris-PM – Eris Package Manager部署并测试私有和公共链上的智能合约体系。
- Embark – Embark是用JavaScript写的去中心化应用开发框架。
- EtherScripter (已淘汰，停用)
- 韧性原始交易广播
以太坊节点的命令行控制台。
On the Tahrir node's command line control table.
以太坊控制台通过IPC连接到在背景运行的以太坊节点(用eth和geth测试)并提供一个交互的javascript控制台，包括web3对象和管理员附件。
The Taiwan Console connects through IPC to the Etai Console (tested with Eth and Geth) operating in the background and provides an interactive javascript Console, including web3 objects and administrator attachments.
这里可以找到可用管理列表 以太坊节点控制指令。
Here you can find the list of available management commands to control the taupulega nodes.
要使用这个控制台，你需要启动一个本地以太坊节点和可用的ipc沟通插口(数据目录中的geth.ipc文件)。开启一个节点后，ipc插口默认位于你的以太坊本地主目录。你也可以设置—test选项来使用特定节点测试指令。
To use this control table, you need to activate a local e-panse node and available ipc communication plug (the geth.ipc file in the data directory). When you open a node, the ipc plug defaults to your Ether local directory. You can also set -test option to use a given node to test the command.
然后你可以在控制台输入。
Then you can enter it on the control table.
这是—test模式节点指令的释义：关于节点配置文件的更多信息。
This is the interpretation of the -test mode node command: more information about the node configuration file.
- 什么是Whisper，用途是什么 – stackexchange问答
- Gavin Wood: 嘘！Whisper – youtube上的DEVCON-1演讲视频
- Whisper概览和dream API用途
- ELI5
Swarm
Swarm是分布式存储平台以及内容分发服务，以太坊web 3堆栈自带的基层服务。Swarm的首要目标是提供足够去中心化和冗余的以太坊公共记录储存，尤其是储存和分配去中心化应用代码和数据，以及区块链数据。从经济观点看，它允许参与者有效集中储存和带宽资源，用以为所有参与者提供之前提到的服务。
Swarm is a distributed storage platform as well as a content distribution service that provides grass-roots services at the Taiwan Web three stacks. Swarm’s primary objective is to provide sufficient centralized and redundant storage of the community’s public records, especially the storage and distribution of decentralised application codes and data, as well as block chain data. From an economic point of view, it allows participants to effectively centralize storage and bandwidth resources to provide the services mentioned earlier for all participants.
从终端用户的观点看，Swarm和WWW并没有很大不同，除了上载并不是针对一个特定的服务商。目标是点对点存储，并提供抗DDOS、零故障、容错、抗审查的解决方案以及自我维护，这归功于一个使用点对点记账体系并允许以付款交换资源的内置激励体系。Swarm被设计为与以太坊devp2p多协议网络层次，为了域名解决方案的以太坊区块链，服务支付和内容可用性保险结合。
From the point of view of the end user, Swarm and WWW are not very different, except that uploading is not for a particular service provider. The goal is point-to-point storage, with solutions for resistance to DDOS, zero failure, tolerance, censorship, and self-maintenance, thanks to a built-in incentive system that uses point-to-point accounting systems and allows the exchange of resources with payments. Swarm is designed as a combination of service payment and content availability insurance at the level of a multi-agreement network with Ether divp2p for a domain name solution.
swarm 上的DΞVcon演讲
- Viktor Trón, Daniel A. Nagy：Swarm – YouTube上的以太坊 DΞVcon-1演讲
- Daniel A. Nagy：保持公共记录安全可用 – YouTube上的以太坊DΞVcon-0演讲
Code and status
- 资源
- github上的发布
- 开发路径图
- twitter上的ethersphere
- swarm gitter room
- swarm subreddit
在线和离线存储
Online and offline storage
- https://www.reddit.com/r/ethereum/comments/3hkv2f/eli5_storage_in_the_ethereum_blockchain/
- https://www.reddit.com/r/ethereum/comments/3npsoz/ethereum_ipfs_and_filecoin/
- 什么是swarm，用途是什么？ – stackexchange问答
以太坊定时器
- 作者： Piper Merriam
- 网站： alarm_main_website
- 文档： alarm_documentation
促使安排交易稍后发生的市场。提供unix中crontab或javascript 中的setTimeout类似的角色。以太坊提案中的去中心化cron服务 – 作者Peter Szilagyi
Makes it possible to arrange a market in which a transaction takes place later. Provides a similar role for SetTimeout in corntab or Javascript in unix. Decentralize the coron service in the Taiwan proposal - author Peter Szilagyi
Ethereum Computation Market
- 作者： Piper Merriam
- 网站： computation_market_main_website
- 文档： computation_market_main_website
促使离线运算可验证执行的市场。允许每个昂贵的运算在以太坊虚拟机内使用，不必实际支付在链上执行它们的高额gas成本。
Markets where offline computing can be verified. Each expensive operation is allowed to be used in an Etheraya virtual machine without actually paying the high gas costs of implementing them on the chain.
BTCRelay
- 更多信息 (关于ETH/BTC双向peg，不需修正比特币代码)。
- BTCrelay 审查
RANDAO
随机数: https://www.reddit.com/r/ethereum/comments/49yld7/eli5_how_does_a_service_like_szabodice_grab_a/
以太坊虚拟机(EVM)是以太坊智能合约的执行环境。它不仅被沙箱化，而且实际上是完全隔离的，这意味着以太坊虚拟机内部运行的代码不可以访问网络，文件系统或其他进程。智能合约甚至对其他智能合约的访问权限都是有限的。
The Etheraya Virtual Machine (EVM) is an implementation environment for Tether Smart Contracts. It is not only sandboxed, but is in fact completely isolated, which means that code operating inside the Tether Virtual Machine does not allow access to networks, file systems, or other processes. Smart Contracts even have limited access to other smart contracts.
合约存在于区块链上，区块链是以太坊特定的二进制格式(以太坊虚拟机字节代码)。然而，合约典型地是用以太坊高级语言写成，用以太坊编译器编译成字节代码，最终用以太坊客户端上传到区块链。
The contract exists on the block chain, which is in a binary format (in Taiwan virtual byte code). However, the contract is typically written in a high-level version of the byte code used by the Taiyu compiler to translate into the byte code, which is eventually uploaded to the block chain by the Taiwan client.
文章中的列表对应的链接可以参考《Ethereum Homestead Documentation》第94页1.7.5 Dapps
Links to the list in the article can be found on page 94, 1.7.5 Dapps
原文链接：http://wangxiaoming.com/blog/2016/08/01/e25/
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