参考消息网4月24日报道
Reference News Network, 24 April
据《日本经济新闻》4月21日报道，在非洲，加密资产（虚拟货币）用户激增。在截至1月的过去一年内，包括比特币在内的虚拟货币用户数增至原来的25倍，个人或企业之间汇款和结算等方面广泛使用虚拟货币。在发生冲突的俄罗斯和乌克兰等国家，虚拟货币的使用次数也增加，急剧贬值的风险较小。虚拟货币正作为一种金融资产巩固地位。
In Africa, the number of subscribers of encrypted assets (virtual currency) increased dramatically, as reported in Japan Economic News on 21 April. During the past year, the number of users of virtual currency, including Bitcoin, increased 25-fold, and virtual currency was widely used in terms of remittances and settlements between individuals or enterprises.
据总部位于新加坡的加密货币交易所库币网统计，在非洲，截至1月的过去一年内，包括比特币在内的虚拟货币交易次数增至原来的约15倍，用户数也激增至原来的25倍左右。包括物品买卖在内，1万美元以下的交易占近九成。
According to Singapore-based crypto-currency exchange banknotes, in Africa, the number of virtual currency transactions, including bitcoins, increased about 15 times in the past year as well as the number of users increased about 25 times in the previous year. Nearly 90% of transactions, including sales of goods, accounted for less than $10,000.
增势尤为显著的是个人对个人（P2P）交易，这是不经由交易所或金融机构、在个人和企业之间进行的直接交易。据统计，今年3月，撒哈拉以南非洲P2P交易额为7800万美元，超过北美地区（7400万美元）。
This increase is particularly significant in the case of individual-to-person (P2P) transactions, which are direct transactions between individuals and businesses, not through exchanges or financial institutions. According to statistics, in March this year, P2P transactions in sub-Saharan Africa amounted to $78 million, more than in North America ($74 million).
世界范围内经由交易所的虚拟货币交易额每天约达10亿美元，P2P交易仅占百分之几。不过，在大约5年前，虚拟货币的P2P交易还几乎为零，具有很大的成长空间。增势尤为明显的是肯尼亚和尼日利亚。
Virtual currency transactions via exchanges around the world amount to about $1 billion a day, and P2P transactions account for only a few per cent. Yet, about five years ago, virtual currency transactions at P2P were almost zero, with much room for growth.
位于东京都港区的斯坦戴奇公司负责提供以虚拟货币进行的贸易结算服务。该公司社长足立彰纪表示：“在尼日利亚，美元汇款受到限制，甚至有人说虚拟货币比美元好用。”也有很多人没有美元账户，虚拟货币正作为代替手段扩大应用范围。
Standage, located in the capital district of Tokyo, is responsible for providing trade settlement services in virtual currency. The president of the company has argued, “In Nigeria, remittances in United States dollars are limited, and some say they work better than in United States dollars.” There are also many who do not have dollar accounts, and virtual money is being used as an alternative to expansion.
由于利用的是区块链，用户不会因交易所破产等影响无法继续使用虚拟货币，虚拟货币的这一优点也受到肯定。在肯尼亚和尼日利亚等国，以虚拟货币进行的结算在增加。
Since block chains are used, users will not be unable to continue using virtual currency, including through the insolvency of an exchange, and this advantage of virtual currency is also recognized. In countries such as Kenya and Nigeria, virtual currency settlements are increasing.
据美国调查公司TRM实验室公司统计，在乌克兰，在3月底之前，政府和非政府组织等收到了来自全世界的约1.36亿美元规模的虚拟货币，用于购买粮食和防弹背心等。即使银行功能瘫痪，如果还可以连入互联网就能使用虚拟货币，所以虚拟货币被选为捐赠手段。
According to the US survey company TRM Laboratories, in Ukraine, by the end of March, governments and NGOs, among others, received about $136 million in virtual money from around the world to buy food and bulletproof vests, among other things. Even if banking functions were disabled, virtual money could be used if Internet access was available, so virtual money was chosen as a donation tool.
位于东京都千代田区的交易所德卡雷特公司负责人前田庆次表示：“（母公司安伯集团）在俄乌战事发生后，来自俄罗斯的买入比特币订单一直处于较多状态。”虽然没有证据，但俄罗斯可能是打算将之用来逃避制裁。
The head of DeCarrett, an exchange based in Tokyo, Chiyota District, said: “After the war in Russia, the purchase of bitcoin orders from Russia has been on the rise.” While there is no evidence, Russia may have intended to use them to evade sanctions.
虚拟货币在拉丁美洲和亚洲也在扩大使用范围。比特币在萨尔瓦多被列为法定货币，可用于纳税和餐饮店结算等。巴西里约热内卢市宣布，自2023年起，允许用比特币支付房地产税。
Virtual currency is also being expanded in Latin America and Asia. Bitcoin is classified as a legal currency in El Salvador and can be used for tax and restaurant settlement, etc. The Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro has announced that since 2023 it will be allowed to pay real estate taxes in bitcoin.
位于东京都港区的比特弗莱尔公司市场分析师金光碧认为：“不光有投机，还有汇款和结算等实际需求，这对（虚拟货币）价格起到了支撑作用。”
According to Mr. Kim Gwang-bhi, a market analyst from Bitflair in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area, “there is not only speculation, but also real demand for remittances and settlements, which support (virtual currency) prices”.
不过，由于虚拟货币汇款情况难以把握，肯尼亚等国政府和央行都对此较为警惕。日本莫尼克斯证券公司分析师大槻奈那指出：“保障合法性日益重要。如果在此基础上需求增加，则人们对虚拟货币的评价可能发生变化。”
However, governments and central banks, such as Kenya, are more vigilant because of the uncertainty of virtual money transfers. The analysts of the Japanese Monix Securities Corporation, Gran Naina, have pointed out: “It is increasingly important to safeguard legitimacy. If demand increases on this basis, the assessment of virtual currency may change.”
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