币圈，从不缺少魔幻。
Currency circles, never lack magic.
9月13日，一条沃尔玛百货宣布支持用莱特币进行线上付款的消息在全球社交网络发酵。
On 13 September, news of a Wal-Mart department store announcement in favour of online payments in Lettco became fermented on global social networks.
莱特币基金会官方推特转发合作消息；彭博社、路透、CNBC等海外权威媒体纷纷报道；国内，众多一线媒体纷纷转发报道。
The official twitter of the `strange' Leit currency Foundation relays cooperation messages; authoritative overseas media outlets such as Bloomberg, Reuters, CNBC, etc.; and a wide range of media outlets in the country.
受利好消息影响， LTC瞬时暴涨超过28%，并带动比特币等其他加密货币集体上涨。
Depending on the good news, the LTC skyrocketed by more than 28 per cent and led to a collective rise in other encrypted currencies, such as Bitcoin.
加密货币投资者情绪高昂，纷纷追涨，然而，短暂的几分钟之后，莱特币官方推特删除关于沃尔玛合作的推文，沃尔玛出面澄清这是假新闻。
However, a short few minutes later, the official Levin Twitter removed the tweets about Wal-Mart cooperation, and Wal-Mart made it clear that it was a false news.
LTC瞬间暴跌，从大涨28%转向下跌1%，也带崩了整个市场，一道道门形K线，将被爆仓和套牢的投资者紧紧困住。
LTC fell suddenly, from a massive increase of 28 per cent to a decline of 1 per cent. It also led to the collapse of the entire market, with a door-to-door line of K, which would be suffocated by the banging of warehouses and jailed investors.
据bybt数据显示，该新闻发布后的一小时内，加密市场整体爆仓量超过 2 亿美金。
According to bybt data, within an hour of the release of the news, the total size of the encrypted market exploded in excess of $200 million.
隐藏在幕后的黑手如何一手炮制假新闻，骗过全球大多数主流媒体和投资者？
How can a man who hides behind the scenes trick most mainstream media and investors around the world into making false news?
彭博社、路透社等权威媒体为何纷纷折戟币圈？
Why are leading media outlets like Bloomberg and Reuters breaking currency circles?
谁来为投资者的损失负责？
Who is responsible for the loss of investors?
假新闻如何发酵
How to ferment fake news
回顾这一次假新闻收割币圈事件，离不开环球电讯社Globenewswire。
recalls this pseudo-censorship incident with the Global Telecommunications Agency Globenewswire.
在全球的通讯社中，除了像美联社、汤森路透这样专业的新闻机构，还包括一类特殊的主体，商业财经类电讯社。
In global news agencies, in addition to professional news agencies such as Associated Press and Townsend Reuters, there is a special subject, the Commercial Financial Telegraph.
这类电讯社可以算作是“公关公司”，核心业务是向企业收费，把企业新闻稿发布到全球媒体渠道，包括新闻稿发布，舆情网媒监测……这种类型的电讯社主要包括美通社、美国商业资讯还有这次的主角环球电讯社。
Such telecoms can be counted as “public relations companies” whose core business is the collection of fees from businesses, the publication of corporate press releases to global media channels, including press releases, Internet-based monitoring... This type of telecoms includes, inter alia, the American Press, American Business Information and the leading global telecommunication agency this time.
通常，一些企业发布重大消息，会在美通社等平台发布官方的PR稿件，然后再全球分发。
Usually, some companies publish major news messages and release official PR texts on platforms such as the American Press, before they are distributed globally.
幕后黑手也正是抓住了其中的漏洞，用假新闻操纵市场。
It was precisely the men behind the scenes who seized the loopholes and manipulated the market with false news.
首先，黑手在8月注册一个看似与沃尔玛相关的域名walmart-corp.com，并申请邮箱。
First, in August, the blacksmith registered a domain name that appeared to be related to Wal-Mart, walmart-corp.com, and applied for a mailbox.
随后，在环球电讯社注册WalMart Inc，仅需填写公司信息、个人信息、联系方式在内的四组信息便可完成注册申请，工作人员会在两日内完成审核。
Subsequently, WalMart Inc., registered with the Global Telecommunications Agency, could complete the application by completing only four sets of information, including company information, personal information and contact details, and the staff member would complete the review within two days.
这也是整个事件中最关键的一步，显然，黑手通过假域名相关的邮件等信息成功骗过了后台审核，注册成功。通过假新闻稿的落尾信息，可以推测黑手是伪装成沃尔玛CMO William White 进行注册。
This is also the most critical step of the whole event, and it is clear that the blackman succeeded in getting backstage clearances and registrations through information such as mail related to false domain names. With information about the end of false press releases, it can be assumed that the blackman was registered under the guise of Wal-Mart CMO William White.
9月13日，加密货币市场持续下跌的一天，黑手正式开工，在Globenewswire上发布了“沃尔玛宣布与莱特币进行合作”的PR稿件。
On 13 September, the day of the continuous decline in the crypto-currency market, the blacksmith officially began work and a PR “Walmar announcement of cooperation with Lettco” was published on Globenewswire.
值得一提的是，该稿件内容是标准的新闻稿件，既有“新闻事实”，也有对双方主要负责人的“采访”信息，很难从内容上觉察出异样。
It is worth mentioning that the content of the draft is a standard press release containing both “news facts” and “interviews” of the principals of both sides, and that it is difficult to discern from the content.
随后新闻发酵，彭博社终端捕捉到了这一新闻动态，路透社、CNBC、雅虎财经、Coindesk等媒体也头条报道，国内媒体也纷纷转发。
This news development was captured at the end of Bloomberg, followed by headlines from Reuters, CNBC, Yahoo Finance and Coindisk, as well as national media.
他们并未向沃尔玛官方求证，而是直接引用了Globenewswire上的“虚假新闻”。
Instead of seeking official testimony from Wal-Mart, they quoted directly “false news” on Globenewswire.
更重要的是，莱特币官方推特也转发了这一虚假的新闻通稿，打消了诸多投资者的疑虑。
More importantly, the official Twitter account of Lettco relayed this false news bulletin, dispelling the concerns of many investors.
受利好消息影响，加密货币市场在亢奋的情绪中上扬，LTC快速拉升，涨幅一度接近30%，并带动比特币、以太坊等其他资产上涨。
As a result of the good news, the market for crypto-currency rose in an uproar, with LTC rising fast, once close to 30 per cent, and driving up other assets, such as Bitcoin and Etheria.
然而，很快有人觉察到了不对劲。
However, something was quickly perceived to be wrong.
首先，在沃尔玛的官方网站新闻中心中并未发现这一动态；其次，发布信息的Walmart Inc仅仅只发布了这一条新闻；联系邮箱中的walmart-corp.com注册于8月……
First, this development was not detected in the information centre of Wal-Mart's official website; second, Walmart Inc., which published the information, published only this news story; and walmart-corp.com, which was registered in the mailbox in August...
当然，最感到莫名其妙的还是沃尔玛，当看到沃尔玛接受莱特币支付的消息出现在各大媒体，发言人Randy Hargrove紧急辟谣。
Of course, it was Wal-Mart that felt most strange when news of Wal-Mart's acceptance of the Latcoin payment appeared in major media outlets, and the spokesman, Randy Hargrove, made an urgent rumour.
该发言人表示，该公司并没有与莱特币构建合作伙伴关系，并称沃尔玛已与Globenewswire联系，调查虚假的新闻稿是如何发布的。
The spokesperson stated that the company had not entered into a partnership with Lettco and stated that Wal-Mart had contacted Globenewswire to investigate how false press releases had been issued.
莱特币官方推特也删除了与沃尔玛构建合作伙伴关系的内容。
The official Twitter account of Lettco has also removed the content of the partnership with Wal-Mart.
莱特币官方是否就是这次假新闻事件的幕后推手？
Is it true that Letco is behind this false news incident?
在接受彭博社采访时，莱特币创始人Charlie Lee表示，他只有大约 20 个莱特币，没有动机参与这类提升这种加密货币价值的计划。
In an interview with Bloomberg, the founder of Lightcoin, Charlie Lee, said that he had only about 20 of them and had no motive to participate in such plans to increase the value of this encrypted currency.
他解释道，本公司推特账号发布关于与沃尔玛合作公告的内容属于“因过度兴奋而造成的”失误，虚假公告是“一种不幸的现状”。
He explained that the content of his company's Twitter account regarding cooperation with Wal-Mart was “due to excessive excitement” and that the false announcement was “an unfortunate state of affairs”.
沃尔玛辟谣后，路透社、CNBC等媒体纷纷删稿并澄清，但对于追涨冲进去的投资者而言，没有后悔药可言。
After Wal-Mart's rumours, various media outlets, such as Reuters and CNBC, have deleted and clarified, but there is no form of regret for those investors who have sprinted in.
谁来制裁幕后黑手？
Who's going to sanction whoever's behind this?
对于一手炮制假新闻的幕后黑手而言，盈利模式简单清晰。
For those behind false news, the profit model is simple and clear.
在发布假新闻前，建仓LTC期货合约多单，当假新闻发酵，主流媒体报道后，LTC大涨，平仓多单。与此同时，高位布局空头合约，等待辟谣，当LTC价格被打回原型，止盈空单。
Before the release of the false news, built up more copies of the LTC futures contract, and when the fake news came off and the mainstream media reported, the LTC went up. At the same time, the high profile contracts were empty, waiting for rumours, and when the LTC prices were returned to the prototype, the blanks were stopped.
一来一回，双向收割。
为了避免暴露身份，幕后黑手在注册域名时，使用了冰岛公司“Withheld for privacy” 提供的匿名身份服务。 In order to avoid exposure, behind-the-scenes agents, when registering domain names, used the anonymous identity service provided by the Icelandic company “Withheld for Price”. 谁来制裁如此嚣张的市场操纵？ Who will sanction such aggressive market manipulation? 在传统资本市场，无论中美，传播虚假或者不确定的重大信息构成操纵证券市场罪，属于刑事犯罪。 In traditional capital markets, whether in Central America or the United States, the dissemination of material information that is false or uncertain constitutes a criminal offence of manipulation of the securities market. 在中国，根据2020年通过的刑法修正案(十一)，对于编造并传播证券交易虚假信息等信息披露造假，修正案将相关责任人员的刑期上限由3年提高至10年。 In China, pursuant to amendment (xi) to the Penal Code, adopted in 2020, the 在美国，莱特币虚假新闻事件已引起众怒。 In the United States, false news incidents in Lettco have given rise to outrage. HBO 热播剧《FAKE FAMOUS》导演 Nick Bilton 发推表示，这些操纵市场的做法，终将会招致监管的严厉打击，一切都只是时间问题。 HBO, director Nick Bilton of the hot show Fake Famous, suggested that these market manipulations by Avanti Financial Group创始人Caitlin Long发布推特表示，“如今，对骗子进行处理的机构不是美国证券交易委员会，而是司法部。就在我们说话的时候，执法部门已经向各交易所提出了关于谁在交易LTC的信息请求。” The founder of the Avanti Financial Group, Caitlin Long, tweeted, “Now, the agency dealing with frauds is not the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, but the Department of Justice. As we speak, law enforcement has requested information about who is dealing with the LTC. 除了主导这一切的幕后黑手，Globenewswire和莱特币基金会同样难辞其咎。 In addition to those behind it, the Globenewswire and the Lettco Foundation are equally responsible. 目前，虚假新闻已经被删除，GlobeNewswire表示，公司正在强化信息发布前的验证工作，并将配合相关机构全面调查沃尔玛与莱特币构建合作关系的虚假公告。 Currently, false news has been deleted, and GlobeNewswire states that is intensifying its pre-information validation and will work with the relevant agencies to investigate thoroughly the false announcements that Wal-Mart and Latcoin have formed a partnership. 他们强调，这仅仅是一宗“个别事件，以前从未发生过”。 They stressed that this was merely a “separate incident, which had never occurred before”. 莱特币基金会则发表了关于此次事件的声明： On the other hand, the Latcoin Foundation issued a statement on the incident: 我们觉得有必要对最近关于莱特币基金会和沃尔玛宣布建立合作关系的虚假新闻进行评论。事实并非如此，莱特币基金会没有与沃尔玛建立任何形式的伙伴关系。 We feel it is necessary to comment on the recent false news about the partnership announced between the Latcoin Foundation and Wal-Mart. That is not true. The Latco-Foundation has no form of partnership with Wal-Mart. 今天早上，一份看似官方的假新闻稿在GlobeNewswire上被发出。以这种方式发布合作关系不是我们的政策。关于文章本身的引文也是捏造的，并不是来自莱特币创始人Charlie Lee。 This morning, a seemingly official pseudo-press release was issued on GlobeNewswire. It is not our policy to publish partnerships in this way. The quotes about the article itself are also fabricated, not from Charlie Lee, the founder of Lettco. 包括路透社在内的几家媒体确实首先报道了这个故事，作为回应，我们的一个社交媒体团队成员有点过于急切，在莱特币官方推特进行了分享，但这很快就被删除了，我们已经采取了措施来纠正未来的问题。我们的营销团队一直在回应询问，这确实是假的。 Several media outlets, including Reuters, did first report on the story, and, in response, one of our social media team members was a bit too eager to share it on the official twitter of Lettco, but this was quickly deleted, and we have taken steps to correct future problems. Our marketing team has been responding to queries, and it is true that this is not true. 利用媒体操控市场 uses the media to manipulate the market 在相对无序与混沌的加密货币，利用一些消息去影响市场并不罕见，甚至在一定程度上已经成为默认的手段。 In relatively disorderly and confused encrypted currencies, it is not uncommon to use some information to influence markets, even to some extent by default. 加密货币博主“Two Comma Pauper”曾于今年5月阐述他的所见所闻，如何利用媒体造势去做空市场。 The encrypt money blogger, Two Comma Pauper, described what he saw in May this year about how 他于2016年进入加密货币市场，成立了一家服务工作，主要从事四类工作。 In 2016, he entered the crypto-currency market and set up a service, mainly in four categories. 法律和监管服务 Legal and regulatory services Solidity 开发，帮助开发“垃圾币” Solidity Development, to help develop `spam coins' 营销和公关，帮项目方造势 Marketing and public relations. Helping with the project. OTC 如果想要去做空市场，通常会选择做如下工作: If you want to go to an empty market, you usually choose to do the following: 第一步，付费给几家低级别的媒体，让他们发布看跌的消息，但不在他们的渠道上推广，只是暂时放在那里。 As a first step, a few low-level media outlets were paid to publish the news of the fall, but not to promote it on their channels, but only to put it there for the time being. 第二步，向彭博社/福布斯等几位撰稿人支付费用，让他们引用这篇文章的观点发表报道，在他看来，这很容易，因为： In the second step, several authors, including Bloomberg/Forbes, were paid the cost of using the views of the article to publish their reports, which, in his view, was easy because: （1）作者相对更需要金钱（饥饿作家的MEME是真实的） (1) Authors need money more than ever. （2）他们本身急需新鲜的内容素材 (2) They're in dire need of fresh content. （3）报酬与他们的故事产生的流量有关 (3) Remuneration is related to the flow generated by their stories 注：也有人对Pauper提供的价格表表示质疑，真实性有待求证 Note: Questions have also been raised about the price table provided by Pauper, the authenticity of which is still to be proved 然后，你想要的这些内容同时出现在一些低层次的新闻网站和一些高规格的网站上。 The content that you want then appears on a number of low-level news sites and high-level websites. 这时，“庄家”可以拿出通讯录，呼唤那些“关系较好”的技术分析大神，让他们参与进来。 At this point, the Dealer can bring out a newsletter calling on the “better-connected” technology analysts to involve them. 内容素材从NewsBTC到路透社等各个网站上都有，并且都是合法的。 The content material is available on various websites, from NewsBTC to Reuters, and is legal. 这些分析师在推特上发布这些故事或者其变体，并利用人性与情绪选择一些关键词重点传播，比如 "政策禁令"、"黑客 "等。 These analysts post these stories or their variants on Twitter and use humanity and emotions to select key words for dissemination, such as &quat; policy bans & & quot; & & quot; hackers & quot; etc. 然后，“庄家”需要配合算法机制发起倾销，他们会选择交易深度相对较差的交易所进行大规模砸盘，然后加剧散户恐慌。 The “banker” then needs to co-operate with algorithmic mechanisms to initiate dumping, and they will choose a market with relatively poor trading depth to carry out a large-scale crash, which will then exacerbate fear in the diaspora. 当散户大规模抛售时，他们早已在底部挂好买单，捡拾带血的筹码。 When the bulk was sold on a large scale, they already had the bill at the bottom to pick up the chips with blood. 加密世界的黑暗森林里，总有猎枪四处埋伏。 In the dark forest of the encrypt world, there are shotguns all over the place.
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