什么是Web3.0？
What's Web3.0?
Web 3.0被认为是下一代互联网，Web3.0 的概念早出现在2000年前后，于2014年被以太坊联合创始人和 Polkadot 创始人重新提出。在Web2.0的 基础上，Web3.0通过各项区块链技术，回归互联网开源与去中心化的初衷，搭建一个用户主导、去中心化的网络生态。 Web2.0在提高了交互效率的同时，诞生了诸多行业巨头，巨头几近垄断之下，用户在效率需求被满足后就开始考虑公平的问题，也就是价值归属问 题，这个问题，Web3.0来解决。
Web 3.0 is considered to be the next generation of the Internet, and the concept of Web3.0 appeared early in 2000 or around and was reintroduced in 2014 by the co-founder of Taiku and the founder of Polkadot. On the basis of Web 2.0, Web3.0 addresses the issue of equity, that is, value attribution, through block-link technology that returns to the opening and centralization of the Internet.
谷歌全球趋势和百度搜索数据显示，去年11月和12月“Web3.0”一词的搜索量出现大幅上升，热度高涨，截至今年上半年， “Web3.0”一词 的搜索热度基本保持着上升趋势。此外，“Web3.0”曾上榜路透社 “2021年度科技热词”。
Google global trends and 100-degree search data show that last November and December & & ldquo; Web3.0 & rdquao; that the search volume of the term has increased significantly and the heat has increased, and as of the first half of this year & & & ldquo; Web3.0 & rdquao; that the search heat of the term has largely remained on the upward trend. In addition, & & ldquo; Web3.0 & rdquo; & & ldquao; 2021 Science and Technology Hotwords & rdquao;
主要特征
Main Characteristics
Web3.0以强调数据价值归属为核心，具备去中心化、数据自有、数据互联、保障隐私、高度智能和永久保存的特征。
Web3.0 focuses on the attribution of data values and has features of decentralisation, data ownership, data interconnection, privacy, high intelligence and permanent preservation.
主要生态组成
Main ecological composition
Web3.0是一个用户共建、隐私保护、平台开放的生态体系。相比Web2.0，Web3.0的目标是要实现一个更开放、零信任/低信任、无许可的价值 互联网时代。
Web3.0 is a community-building, privacy protection, and platform-opening ecosystem. The goal of Web3.0 is to achieve a more open, zero trust/low trust, unlicensed value Internet age than Web 2.0.
Web3.0钱包—Web3.0世界的入场券
Web3.0 Wallet & mdash; Web3.0 World Tickets
进入Web3.0 世界须有一个合适的 Web3.0 钱包来安全地存储和管理各类数字资产，以及轻松实现与去中心化应用程序的交互。 大多数 Web3.0 钱包的设置都比较简单，设置过程只需几分钟，创建帐户后，用户就可以开始交易，以及轻松访问各类 Web3.0 产品。
Entering the Web3.0 world requires a suitable Web 3.0 wallet to safely store and manage all types of digital assets, as well as to easily interact with decentralised applications. Most Web3.0 wallets are set up in a simpler way, with only a few minutes before an account can be created, and users can start trading, as well as easy access to various web3.0 products.
Web1.0—不同平台须创建不同的登录账户以及密码。 Web2.0—使用中心化的账户登录平台并访问服务。常使用主流社交媒体账号进行授权登录。 Web3.0—使用Web3.0钱包登录账户。即，用户自己就是账户。
Web1.0— different platforms are required to create different login accounts and passwords. Web2.0— uses a centralized account login platform and access service.
2022年6月Web3.0钱包链接Dapp数量最多的应用是游戏类，其次是DeFi和Marketplaces（交易平台）类；链接最多的区块链是专注于游戏道具 和数字藏品的公链WAX，其次是BSC、Solana和Hive等。 全链每天约有164万个钱包与Dapp产生互动。
The largest number of WEB 3.0 wallet links to Dapp applications in June 2022 were in the game class, followed by the DeFi and Marketplaces (trade platforms) categories; the most connected block chains were the public chain WAX, which focused on game props and digital collections, followed by BSC, Solana, and Hive, among others. Approximately 1.64 million wallets interacted with Dapp every day throughout the chain.
稳定币是一种解决加密货币波动性的新颖解决方案。稳定币通常锚定美元等法币或者其他价值稳定的资产，像其他加密货币一样，稳定币是安全 且匿名的，但不会迅速升值或贬值。
Stable currency is an innovative solution to the volatility of encrypted currency. Stable currency usually anchors French currency, such as the United States dollar, or other assets whose value is stable, like other encrypted currencies, is safe and anonymous, but does not appreciate or depreciate rapidly.
稳定币—Web3.0经济的压舱石
目前市场上最受欢迎的稳定币主要是法币抵押稳定币，如USDT（泰达币）、USDC、BUSD都是美元锚定的稳定币，也是市值位于前三位的稳定 币。市值第四位的DAI是一种软锚定美元的加密货币抵押型稳定币，是以太坊上最大的去中心化稳定币。 目前稳定币总市值超过1600亿美元。其中，USDT（泰达币）是稳定币市场的龙头老大，是市场上流通量最大、发行时间最久的稳定币，市值约 724亿美元，占整个市场约45%的市场份额。
The most popular and stable currency in the market today is French currency mortgages, such as USDT (Tedan currency), USDC, and BUSD, which are US dollar anchors and have a market value in the first three currencies. The fourth-place DAI, a softly anchored and secure currency, is the largest decentralized currency in the Taiku.
目前稳定币的流通主要集中在Ethereum（以太坊）、Tron、BSC和Solana等区块链，其中以太坊占据近六成的市场份额，以太坊上流通的稳定币 市值超过930亿美元。
Stable currency flows are currently concentrated in the Etheeum, Tron, BSC and Solana block chains, where the district accounts for nearly 60 percent of the market share and the market value of the stable currency in the district exceeds $93 billion.
公链—Web3.0应用的搭建基石
任何人都可读取、发送交易且交易能获得有效确认的、也可以参与其中共识过程的公链，是区块链行业的底层基础设施。公链上注入智能合约功 能，用户可在公链上搭建应用，并发行代币。
A public chain that anyone can read, send a transaction for valid confirmation, and in which they can participate in the consensus process, is the bottom infrastructure of the block chain industry. Smart contract functions are injected into the public chain and users can build applications on the public chain and issue tokens.
Ethereum（以太坊）是目前最主流的公链，市值高达约2190亿美元。据统计，今年上半年以太坊的收入（用户付费）达到43亿美元，遥遥领先 其他公链。
Etheeum is the most dominant public chain, with a market value of about $219 billion. In the first half of this year, Etheeum’s income (user fees) reached $4.3 billion, far ahead of other public chains.
NFT—Web3.0价值确权的重要手段
NFT— Web3.0 important means of establishing value authority
NFT（Non-Fungible Token），指非同质化代币，是在区块链上发行的主要用于表示数字资产，包括以图片头像或者视频剪辑形式来进行唯一 加密货币令牌，具有独一无二，不可拆分的特性。 基于NFT的独特属性，NFT常被应用到数字藏品、艺术品、游戏、音乐、体育等多个领域，实现了数字内容的确权和资产化。
NFT (Non-Fungible Token), which refers to non-homogenous tokens, is the only unique and unbroken feature of digital assets that are distributed on block chains, including encrypted currency medals in image or video clips. Based on the unique properties of NFT, NFT is often applied to digital collections, works of art, games, music, sports, etc. to enable digital content to be authenticated and assetized.
据统计，目前全链NFT的销售额已突破380亿美元，其中以太坊上的交易达到约283亿美元，占整体市场的74.6%，以太坊稳占NFT交易市场龙头
According to statistics, the sales of NFTs across the chain have now reached $38 billion, of which the trades on the island have reached approximately $28.3 billion, or 74.6 per cent of the overall market, and the market for NFTs has been firmly dominated by the industry.
OpenSea 是目前全球最大的综合NFT交易平台，用户可以在平台上创建、展示和交易NFT。据统计今年5月份NFT总交易达到40亿美元，其 中OpenSea上的交易占到约65%的市场份额。 边玩边赚的现象级区块链游戏Axie Infinity是目前销售额最大的NFT收藏项目，销售额突破40亿美元。
OpenSea is the world’s largest integrated NFT trading platform, where users can create, showcase, and trade NFTs. The total NFT transactions reached $4 billion in May of this year, with OpenSea trading accounting for about 65% of the market share.
DeFi—Web3.0的金融体系
DeFi— Web3.0 financial system
DeFi（Decentralized Finance），指去中心化金融，通过去中心化的区块链平台以及智能合约，创建一个去中心化且透明的金融交易协议。 DeFi旨在创造一个没有中心化的金融服务，让所有人可以随时随地的进行金融活动。当前的DeFi项目主要集中在借贷和交易所领域。
DeFi aims to create a non-centralized financial service that allows all people to carry out their financial activities whenever and wherever they want. The current DeFi project focuses on lending and exchange.
从历史时间推移来看，DeFi锁定总价值（TVL）从去年2021年初开始呈现出明显增长趋势，并在21年末和22年初出现较高峰值，锁定总价值 突破1600亿美元；今年下半年前后出现明显下滑趋势，最低锁定总价值跌至500亿美元左右。
In historical time, DeFi’s total lock-in value (TVL) began to show a clear growth trend from the beginning of 2021 last year, with a higher peak in late 21 and early 22 years, with a total lock-out of $160 billion; there is a clear downward trend around the second half of the year, with the lowest lock-in value falling to around $50 billion.
MakerDAO是目前主流的DeFi项目之一，被称为是以太坊上的“中央银行”。MakerDAO的主要商业模式是借贷和储蓄，其核心是通过抵押以 太币等资产，变现出稳定币DAI。目前MakerDAO的锁定总价值（TVL）约有96.5亿美元，占整体约11%的市场份额。
MakerDAO is one of the current mainstream DeFi projects, known as “ Central Bank & & rdquo; and MakerDAO’s main business model is borrowing and saving, the core of which is the realization of a stable currency DAI through the collateralization of assets such as the TT. The current total lock value of MakerDAO is about $9.65 billion, representing about 11% of the market share of the overall market.
目前DeFi项目在以太坊上最为活跃，DeFi应用的爆发式增长也推动了以太坊网络生态的发展和创新。目前以太坊上DeFi的锁定总价值（TVL） 已经突破了500亿美元，占整体市场接近60%的市场份额。
The DeFi project is now the most active in Etheria, and the outbreak growth of DeFi applications has contributed to the development of Ethernet ecology and innovation. The total value of DeFi's lock-in (TVL) in Ether is now over $50 billion, accounting for nearly 60% of the market share of the entire market.
DAO—Web3.0的组织形态
DAO— organisational pattern of Web3.0
DAO（Decentralized Autonomous Organization），指“去中心化自治组织”，通过智能合约保持运转，并将交易和规制编码在区块链上，从而 在没有集中控制或第三方干预的情况下自主运行的组织形式。 DAO的治理权归每个成员所有，成员在DAO中讨论并投票表决来形成决议，每个DAO组织成员持有通证的比例决定了成员在DAO组织里面的权益。
DAO (Decisionralized Autonomous Organization) refers to & ldquo; decentralised self-government organization & & rdquo; operating through smart contracts and coding transactions and regulations on block chains, thereby running autonomously without centralized control or third-party intervention. The DAO’s governance rests with each member, the members discuss and vote in the DAO to form a resolution, and the ratio of certificates held by each DAO member determines the member’s interest in the DAO organization.
DAO的探索来源于区块链“群体共识”的核心理念，其核心目标是解决问题和创造价值，利润则是价值创造的副产品。DAO出现至今诞生了 包括基础操作系统类、协议类、资助类等多种不同功能的DAO组织。为在We3.0的世界里实现更多元化的目的和多场景应用，DAO的效用和 价值的探索仍在进行中。
DAO’s exploration comes from blocks chains & ldquo; group consensus & rdquo; the core idea, which is that the core objective is to solve problems and create value, and profit is a by-product of value creation. DAO has emerged to date as an organization of DAOs with a variety of functions, including basic operating systems, protocols, funding, etc. The usefulness and value of DAOs are still being explored to achieve a more diversified purpose and multi-scenario application in a world of We3.0.
Uniswap DAO是一个DeFi 治理DAO，是一个由社区来控制的DeFi工具，参与者在这个DAO的发展方向上拥有集体治理权，即任何持有UNI治 理代币的人都可以对Uniswap 协议的操作或基础设施的开发提案进行投票。Uniswap DAO是目前总资产排名首位的DAO，约有19亿美元，占 整体市场约31.7%的市场份额。
Uniswap DAO is a DeFi governance DAO, a community-controlled DeFi tool, and participants have collective governance over the direction of the DAO, whereby anyone who holds UNI's currency can vote on proposals for the operation or infrastructure development of the Uniswap agreement. Uniswap DAO is currently the top DAO in total asset ranking, accounting for approximately $1.9 billion, or about 31.7% of the market share of the overall market.
DAO是通过正式的治理程序，如提案和投票来做出决策的。不论DAO采取何种治理方式都需要通过治理代币来完成。当DAO提案进行投票 时，治理代币持有者有机会在链上进行投票，通常代币持有者的投票权重与持有的代币数量成正比。据统计，目前所有DAO组织的治理代币 持有者约有360万，其中，Uniswap DAO的治理代币持有者有33万左右，位居首位。
DAO takes decisions through formal governance processes, such as proposals and votes. Whatever the way the DAO does, it needs to be done through the governance token. When the DAO proposal is voted on, the holders of governance tokens have the opportunity to vote on the chain, usually in proportion to the number of coins held.
GameFi—Web3.0的游戏新模式
GameFi，即DeFi+NFT+Game，指的是去中心化金融产品以游戏的形式呈现，GameFi的游戏规则和道具、衍生品，就是建立在DeFi逻辑基 础之上的NFT产品运行方式。 GameFi 的NFT属性使得游戏内的所有资产、道具、角色都具有唯一性、收藏性，玩家可以在去中心化的游戏中完全拥有这些资产的所有权。 相比普通的DeFi交易，GameFi 增强了区块链金融和NFT的娱乐性、互动性，通过对战、副本、社交等玩法让参与者可以从中获利。
GameFi, or DeFi+NFT+Game, refers to decentralized financial products presented in the form of games, where GameFi’s rules and props, derivatives, are the way NFT products run, based on the DeFi logical foundation. GameFi’s NFT attributes allow all assets, props, and roles within the game to be unique, and players to have full ownership of these assets in decentralized games.
据统计，目前全链GameFi 数量超过1500个，GameFi 主要集中在以太坊和BSC（币安智能链）上，两者合占整体市场份额超过65%。
According to statistics, there are currently more than 1,500 GameFi in the whole chain, and GameFi is concentrated on Etheria and BSC, which together account for more than 65 per cent of the overall market share.
DeFi Kingdoms是基于Harmony Protocol区块链开发，后又扩张到Avalanche，开发了专属公链DFK Chain。DeFi Kingdoms不仅是一款游戏， 也是一个去中心化交易所（DEX）。据统计，DeFi Kingdoms登顶6月份 GameFi 收入榜首，收入约1.4亿美元。 数字宠物NFT游戏 Axie Infinity 6月份唯一玩家数量达到57万左右，是玩家最多的GameFi，6月份收入约有1.2亿美元，仅次于DeFi Kingdoms。
DeFi Kingdoms is based on Harmony Protocol block chain development and then expanded to Avalanche, where the exclusive public chain DFK Chain was developed. DeFi Kingdoms is not only a game, but also a centralized exchange (DEX). According to statistics, DeFi Kingdoms was at the top of the GameFi income list in June, earning about $140 million.
Dapp—Web3.0的应用程序
Dapp—Web3.0 application
Dapp （Decentralized Application），指“去中心化应用程序”，是基于点对点对等网络运行在智能合约之上的分布式应用程序，是中心化 前端和去中心化后端（智能合约）的结合。 Dapp的出现被认为是开启了区块链 3.0 时代。
Dapp (Decentralized Application) refers to &ldquao; decentralised application & & rdquao; distributed application based on point-to-point peer-to-point networks operating on smart contracts, which combines the front end with the back end (intelligent contract). The advent of Dapp is considered to have opened a block chain of 3.0 years.
据统计，2022年6月所有Dapp收入达到65亿美元左右，主要集中在Exchanges和DeFi两大类应用，合占超过整体95%的市场份额，其中Exchanges 类占据超六成。从区块链分布来看，Dapp主要集中在以太坊上，占据市场份额近七成。
According to statistics, in June 2022, all Dapp revenues amounted to about $6.5 billion, concentrated in two major types of applications: Exchanges and DeFi, which together account for more than 95% of the total market share, with the Exchanges group accounting for more than 60% of the total. In terms of the distribution of block chains, Dapp is concentrated in Etai, which accounts for nearly 70% of the market share.
统计2022年6月Dapp数据显示，收入头部Dapp主要有Exchange和DeFi两大类，用户头部Dapp主要包括DeFi、游戏、Marketplaces和Exchanges 等类别。 去中心化交易所(DEX)龙头Uniswap协议的V3版本Uniswap V3是6月份收入最高的Dapp，收入高达1482亿美元，遥遥领先其他应用。PancakeSwap （薄饼）同样是一款去中心化交易所应用，是6月份用户数量最多的应用，用户多达215万。
Data from Dapp in June 2022 show that Dapp has two main types of income head, Exchange and DeFi, and that Dapp head user groups include DeFi, games, Marketplaces, and Exchanges. The V3 version of the Uniswap, the flagship of the DEX, is Dapp’s highest income in June, with $148.2 million in revenue and a remote leader in other applications.
去中心化存储—Web3.0的重要支柱
去中心化存储是由区块链技术支撑，通过通证经济激励机制搭建的数字经济分布式存储网络。去中心化存储把数据分布到多个网络节点，基于智 能合约来存储客户数据，形成点对点的分发服务；区块链的通证经济激励机制通过设置合理的价值分配，使更多的使用者愿意贡献自己的闲置资 源，从而放大了整个市场的存储能力。
Decentralized storage is supported by block-chain technology, with digital economy-distributed storage networks built up through the meso-economic incentive mechanism. Decentralized storage distributes data to multiple network nodes, so that client data can be stored on the basis of intellectual contracts, resulting in point-to-point distribution services. The meso-economic incentive mechanism for block-chains expands the capacity of the entire market by creating a reasonable distribution of value, allowing more users to contribute their own idle resources.
每个去中心化存储项目都旨在为用户提供去中心化的数据存储服务，从而更好地保护数据免受黑客攻击，脱离集中式数据存储服务商的主导。 参与去中心化存储的用户不仅可以以合理的价格使用托管服务，还可以出租现有的存储空间来赚取额外收入。去中心化存储项目面向开放社区， 任何人都可以以安全、资源优化的方式共享和交换数据存储。
Each decentralized storage project is designed to provide users with decentralised data storage services, thereby better protecting them from hacking and leaving centralized data storage providers. Users involved in decentralized storage not only use hosting services at reasonable cost, but also lease existing storage space to generate additional income.
（本文仅供参考，不代表我们的任何投资建议。如需使用相关信息，请参阅报告原文。）
(This document is for information purposes only and does not represent any of our investment proposals. For relevant information, please refer to the original version of the report.
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