对加密货币的争议伴随加密货币发展了十几年，其中争论最多的就是加密货币到底是金融未来还是庞氏骗局，以比特币、以太币和瑞波币为代表的加密货币并没有主权信用背书，是通过算法生成的，因此，加密货币能不能称为货币，在业内存在较大争议，有分析师表示加密货币不满足货币的基本标准，不算新形式的货币，加密货币甚至不能算是资产，没法计算价值，大师也有人持有相反意见，那么加密货币哪些方面引发争议？接下来211Coin小编带大家全面分析。
The debate over encrypted currency has been accompanied by a decade-long development of encrypted currency, the most controversial of which is whether it is a financial future or a Ponzi scheme, and whether the encrypt currency represented by bitcoin, Tai and Ripoon has no sovereign credit endorsement and is generated through algorithms. Therefore, whether the encrypted currency can be called a currency or not, there is much debate in the industry, there are analysts who argue that the encrypt currency does not meet the basic criteria for the currency, is not a new form of currency, is not even an asset, is not an asset, is not a value, and there are some masters who have the opposite opinion.
1、监管风险：在香港，证监会一直积极监管加密货币市场，主要针对未经授权营销集体投资计划。近期的一个案例，是证监会以该ICO可能构成集体投资计划为理由，对BlackCellTechnologyLimited采取一定行动，结果是发行人暂停其ICO。迄今为止，本案例中未出现对证监会提出任何质疑，因为BlackCell就该暂停与证监会达成了协议，但证监会在与加密货币相关的权威性方面在未来很可能会面临考验。
1. Regulatory risk: In Hong Kong, the CSRC has been active in regulating the encrypted currency market, mainly against unauthorized marketing of collective investment schemes. In a recent case, the CSRC has taken certain action against BlackCellTechnologyLimited on the grounds that the ICO may constitute a collective investment plan, with the result that the issuer suspended its ICO. To date, there have been no challenges to the CSRC in this case, as BlackCell has reached an agreement to suspend the CVM, but the CVM may well be tested in the future in terms of authority related to encrypted currency.
2、打击洗钱/恐怖分子资金筹集规定同样是金融机构顾虑重重的一个领域。已经有例子表明，某些香港的加密货币交易所的银行账户在没收到通知及/或解释的情况下被暂停，或开户遭拒，原因很可能是归因于打击洗钱/恐怖分子资金筹集规定所引起。由于缺乏定制化的监管制度，可(不幸地)预见到金融机构会继续采取谨慎的态度，并可能倾向于拒绝为从事加密货币交易的银行账户开户。然而，银行对加密货币的态度可谓积极推动其迅速发展，殷切参与该领域的活动。
2. Anti-money-laundering/terrorist fund-raising provisions are also an area of concern for financial institutions. There have been examples of bank accounts of some Hong Kong's encrypted currency exchange that have been suspended on the basis of notification and/or explanation, or whose opening has been rejected, probably because of provisions to combat money-laundering/terrorist fund-raising. In the absence of a customized regulatory system, financial institutions may (unfortunately) be expected to continue to be cautious and may be inclined to refuse to open accounts for bank accounts engaged in encrypted currency transactions.
3、税务影响及争议：虽然加密货币被香港政府视为虚拟商品，但目前仍没有关于其在资产负债表及财务报告中应该如何处理的具体会计指引。在计算这种交易的税款时，亦可能存在兑换率的问题。此外，由于香港的税制以地域概念为基础，可能会引起从加密货币相关交易赚取的利润是否实际上来源于香港的问题。可以预见，在不久的将来，可能会引起涉及加密货币的相关税务争议。
Tax implications and disputes: Although the encrypted currency is considered a virtual commodity by the Hong Kong Government, there is still no specific accounting guidance on how it should be treated in balance sheets and financial reports. There may also be exchange rate problems when calculating taxes for such transactions. Moreover, the territorial concept of Hong Kong’s tax system may raise questions as to whether profits earned from the encrypt currency-related transactions actually originate in Hong Kong.
4、黑客及其他形式的盗窃：由于加密货币和其交易所的数据化本质，自始至终均存在加密货币成为目标及/或被黑客盗窃的风险。已经有多个关于加密货币被盗窃的报道——例如，Coincheck(一家日本加密货币交易所)报道，在其系统被黑客入侵期间，其客户的账户损失了价值5.348亿美元的新经币(NEM)代币。在香港，Gatecoin(一家以香港为基地的加密货币交易所)亦声称，其系统曾遭受网络攻击，并因此遭受多达200万美元的损失。加密货币的价值在2017年出现了非常显著的上升，索赔的价值按月膨胀，导致问题更加恶化，而遭受黑客入侵的系统更加难以清偿权利要求者的诉求。
For example, Coincheck (a Japanese encrypted currency exchange) reported that during the hacking of its system, its customers’ accounts lost $534.8 million in new currency (NEM) coins. In Hong Kong, Gatecoin (an encrypted currency exchange based in Hong Kong) also claimed that its system had suffered cyber attacks and losses of up to $2 million.
新加坡国立大学客座教授白士泮认为，加密货币如比特币原本只是吸引相信区块链技术、拥护去中心化金融理念的人，在小众社群被接受为支付工具，但近期比特币价格剧烈波动更源于市场炒作和越来越多的投机者加入。
The visiting professor at the National University of Singapore, Paik Shih, argued that cryptographic currencies such as Bitcoin, which were intended to attract only those who believed in block chain technology and embraced decentralized finance, were accepted as payment instruments in small communities, but more recently bitco prices resulted more from market speculation and the increasing participation of speculators.
郭杰表示，比特币实际应用场景非常有限，其价格飙升是典型的投机泡沫，与17世纪荷兰“郁金香泡沫”相似，甚至可以说是“庞氏骗局”。郭杰说，追捧加密货币的机构擅长用晦涩难懂的科技术语，说服投资者相信这是革命性现象，创造市场盲目投资的“羊群效应”。
Guo Jie said that the practical application of Bitcoin was very limited, and that its price boom was a typical speculative bubble, similar to the 17th-century Dutch & ldquo; tulip bubble & rdquo; it could even be & & ldquo; the Ponzi scheme & rdquo; and Guo Jie said that the institutions that promoted encrypted money were good at using obscure technical terms to convince investors that it was a revolutionary phenomenon, creating market blind investment & & & ldquao; the flock effect & rdquao;
美国伊利诺伊理工大学斯图尔特商学院经济学教授哈伊里·图尔克表示，加密货币有不受政府干预监管、跨境方便的特点，受到一部分人追捧。但仔细分析，这种需要不断有新投资者加入才能提高价格的逻辑基本就是一种“庞氏骗局”。
Haïry & Middot, Professor of Economics, Stewart School of Business, Illinois University, United States of America; Turk says that encrypted money is not regulated by government intervention, accessible across borders, and popular among some. But the logic of this constant need for new investors to join in order to raise prices is basically & ldquao; the Ponzi scheme & & rdquao;
上述内容为大家全面分析加密货币哪些方面引发争议？加密货币的发展需要更多监管，这样才不会造成风险危机，而且美国财政部此前表示，加密货币价格飙升带来负面影响，因此制定了新的金融账户报告制度，加密货币和加密资产交易账户以及接受加密货币的支付服务账户将纳入政府监测范畴，除美国外，日本和韩国监管机构均已采取措施，对金融机构持有和从事加密货币交易加强监管，当下香港已经开始作为实验发展加密货币监管机制，今年下半年就能看到成果。
With the exception of the United States, Japan and South Korea have taken steps to strengthen the regulation of financial institutions holding and engaging in encrypted currency transactions, and Hong Kong has now begun to develop, as an experiment, an encrypt currency regulatory mechanism that can be seen in the second half of the year.
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