区块链：爆红“概念”下的野蛮生长
Block chain: Blast red & ldquao; Concept & rdquao; sub-human growth
屈丽丽
Cherie!
编者按/ 进入2018年，区块链成为很多人讨论的热门话题，无论是投资人索罗斯、芒格，还是各国政要、央行的政策制定者们，在这一时刻，不管是欢迎还是讨厌，大家都需要在直面未来经济的同时准确评估区块链的价值。
At a time when the editor presses/gosses to 2018, the block chain has become a hot topic for many to discuss, whether the investor Soros, Manger, or the country’s dignitaries, central bank policymakers, both welcome and hate, everyone needs to accurately assess the value of the block chain while facing the future economy.
百度指数显示，从2018年2月开始，区块链的热度就在一个个波峰波谷相连中呈现了一路上行的态势，并远远超越了人工智能的关注度。以2月27日和3月7日两天的百度指数为例，人工智能的关注度为7486和10279，而区块链的关注度为59868和62851。
The 100-degree index shows that since February 2018, the heat of the block chain has been moving along a single mountain valley, well beyond the attention given to artificial intelligence. For example, the two-day 100-degree index of 27 February and 7 March, the focus on artificial intelligence was 7486 and 10279, while the focus on the block chain was 59868 and 62851.
与此同时， 《2018胡润全球富豪榜》首次发布了数字货币富豪榜：瑞波币联合创始人Chris Larsen以335亿元的财富，成为胡润全球富豪榜上的第一位数字货币富豪，而他财富的突然飙升，得益于加密货币的日益流行。此外，币安CEO赵长鹏身价100多亿元，只用了6个月的时间。可以说，正是财富的集聚效应，让区块链在众多的投资领域先声夺人。
At the same time, the Volkswagen Global Billion Book of 2018 published for the first time a digital money-rich list: Chris Larsen, the founder of the Ripo coin coalition, became the world’s first digital money-rich, with a fortune of 33.5 billion yuan, whose sudden rise in wealth benefited from the growing popularity of encrypted money. Moreover, it took only six months for the CEO to be worth more than 10 billion.
1月26日，中国区块链应用研究中心在达沃斯现场发布了《中国区块链行业发展报告2018》。报告显示，中国在区块链专利、区块链融资的增速远超过美国，领先全球。报告统计显示，截至2017年12月17日，全球数字资产总市值已经触及6000亿美元，而2016年底才仅为177亿元。不到一年的时间里，增幅近3300%。
On 26 January, the China Block Chain Applied Research Centre released the China Block Chain Industry Development Report 2018 on-site in Davos. The report shows that China’s portfolio of block chain patents and block chain financing has grown much faster than in the United States, leading the world. The report shows that, as at 17 December 2017, the total market value of global digital assets had reached $600 billion, compared to only $17.7 billion at the end of 2016.
不仅如此，超凡知识产权数据与咨询事业部高级咨询师、密码学专家汪婵根据专利数据库incoPat进行的区块链专利检索发现，全球区块链申请人排名中，Top 11中有6家企业来自中国，其中，MASTERCARD INTERNATIONAL INCORPORATED与阿里巴巴分别位居第一和第二，其所申请的全球专利总量都是65件。
Moreover, the serial chain patent search conducted by Wang Xiao, a senior consultant and cryptographer in the Department of Intellectual Property Data and Consulting, based on the patent database incoPat, found that six of the global block chain applicants were from China, out of a total of six enterprises in Top 11, of which MASTERCARD INTERNATIONAL INCORPORTED and Aliba were ranked first and second, respectively, with a global total of 65 patent applications.
“从全球技术分布来看，区块链相关的专利在中国的布局领先于其他国家，除了中国之外，美国布局也较多。从中国专利有效性来看，区块链相关的中国专利和中国申请大部分都处于审查阶段。这意味着，中国将在区块链的下一步应用中拥有很大的发展机会。”汪婵告诉《中国经营报》记者。
& ldquo; In terms of global technology distribution, sector chain-related patents are ahead of China’s layout, and the US has more layout than China. In terms of the validity of Chinese patents, most of the block chain-related Chinese patents and China’s applications are in the process of being reviewed. This means that China will have significant development opportunities in the next application of the block chain.
概念
Concept
区块链是人类构建价值传输网络的开始
事实上，区块链的流行源自于比特币暴涨进而引发的全球关注。作为比特币的底层技术，区块链的去中心化、分布式账本被认为是打破信息孤岛、降低数据管理成本，进而改为商业生态的未来技术。 In fact, the proliferation of block chains stems from global concerns raised by the surge in bitcoin. As a bottom-of-bitcoin technology, block chains are considered to be decentralized, distributed books that break the information divide, reduce data management costs, and then become a future technology for commercial ecology. 汪婵告诉《中国经营报》记者，“区块链技术通常是一种去中心化的分布式数据库技术，是一种按照时间顺序将数据区块以顺序相连的方式组合成的一种链式数据结构。其特点包括去中心化、公开透明、不可篡改、不可伪造、可信任等，并且通常以密码学技术保证其数据不可篡改、不可伪造、可信任。” Wang Xiang told Chinese newspaper reporters, “ block chain technology is usually a decentralised distributed database technology and a chained data structure that sequences the data blocks sequentially. These features include decentralization, transparency, non-falseability, non-falseability, trustability, etc., and are usually used in cryptography to ensure that their data are non-false, non-false and trustable; and & rdquo; 因此，区块链的核心思想就是去中心化，它不同于目前普遍的通过一个中心节点实现任务处理的架构，区块链架构没有中心节点，将数据信息记录在各个区块链业务节点，共享链式结构上的数据信息，从而实现节点之间的直接通信。 Thus, the core idea of the block chain is decentralization, which is different from the structure that currently prevails for task processing through a central node, where there is no central node, where data information is recorded in the operational node of each block chain and data information on the chain structure is shared, thus enabling direct communication between nodes. 对于区块链节点之间的直接通信而言，怎么解决通信双方互相信任问题是区块链技术发展的动力。区块链采用共识机制、数字签名、数字证书、加密算法和智能合约等技术，构建区块链信任网络，保护区块链网络的安全。 For direct communication between blocks chain nodes, how to resolve the issue of mutual trust between the two sides of communication is the driving force behind the technological development of the block chain. The block chain uses such techniques as consensus mechanisms, digital signatures, digital certificates, encryption algorithms and smart contracts, building a network of trust in the block chain and securing a network of protected area blocks. 然而，跟传统的股票、房产、债券、黄金等相比，区块链资产是一个非常抽象和虚拟的资产形式，以比特币为代表的区块链资产，是非常专业的一种计算机语言和程序运行方式，背后既没有任何国家的信用做背书，也没有任何企业赋予其证券化的收益预期，完全依赖于陌生人之间的相互共识性信任，这种情况下虽然完成了去中心化的运行逻辑，但其试验还仅仅处在起步和发展阶段，参与相关投资，实际上就是一种勇敢的冒险者行为。 However, as compared to traditional stocks, real estate, bonds, gold, etc., block-chain assets are a very abstract and virtual form of asset, represented by bitcoin, a very professional way of computer language and procedure operating, behind which there is no credit endorsement from any country or any expectation of the proceeds of securitization granted to it by any enterprise, relying entirely on mutual consensus trust among strangers, and where a decentralized operating logic has been completed, the experiment is only in its initial and developmental stages, and participation in related investments is in fact a courageous venturer behaviour. 不仅如此，区块链技术本来是一个非常基础性的架构技术，但是，目前由于全球范围内资金层面的追捧，导致很多本身跟区块链没有任何关系的项目方，开始运用区块链概念来设计产品，并且能够在非常短的时间内完成区块链项目提案的撰写，而后进行市场资金的募集。 Moreover, block chain technology was a very basic architecture technology, but at present, thanks to the global financial dimension, many project parties that have nothing to do with the block chain have begun to use the block chain concept to design products and have been able to complete the preparation of block chain project proposals in a very short time before raising market funds. 这直接导致了人们对区块链技术的误读，拉低了区块链整体的技术性门槛，区块链成为了用于融资的风口概念，造成了投资者的困惑，引发了全球多个国家强有力的监管，在一定程度上也影响了真正的区块链技术的发展。 This directly leads to misinterpretation of block chain technology, lowers the technical threshold of the block chain as a whole, becomes the concept of a gateway for financing, creates confusion among investors, triggers strong regulation in several countries around the globe and, to some extent, affects the development of genuine block chain technology. 从目前区块链应用最为广泛的代币市场来看，虽然比特币只有2100万个，总量严格受限，但发行加密数字货币的门槛越来越低。一方面，各种加密数字货币疯狂滥发，不受任何限制。另一方面，交易成本持续增大，交易环节的手续费以及转账费用正在拉低企业潜在的盈利能力，进一步引发了代币市场的泡沫化。 On the one hand, the encoded digital currencies are ravaging unbridled and unbridled. On the other hand, transaction costs continue to increase, and transaction processing and transfer costs are lowering the potential profitability of firms, further triggering a bubble in the money market. 不过，在各种混乱之中，更多的研究机构也开始重新认识区块链技术的价值，包括麦肯锡、高盛、普华永道、安永、腾讯等都给出了区块链技术在未来的潜在应用。比如在腾讯研究院看来，“区块链的意义在于可以构建一个更加可靠的互联网系统，从根本上解决价值交换与转移中存在的欺诈和寻租现象等。” However, in all sorts of confusion, more research institutions have also begun to rediscover the value of block chain technology, including McKinsey, Goldman Sachs, PricewaterhouseCoopers, And Young, and Tseng, all of which offer potential applications for future block chain technology. For example, in the view of the Institute, “ the value of block chains is that they can build a more reliable Internet system that addresses the root causes of value exchange and transfer fraud and rent-seeking, etc.; and & rdquo; 清华大学五道口金融学院教授、博士生导师、互联网金融实验室主任廖理也指出，“区块链的优势在于能够用非常低的成本解决网络交易的身份识别和个人征信，以及使用点对点的交易避免了传统集中式的清算结构，从而能够大大提高金融系统甚至整个经济体系的运行效率。 Professor & ldquo, Professor of Qinghua University's Five-Do Finance Institute, PhD student mentor and director of the Internet Finance Laboratory, also noted that & ldquao; the advantage of the block chain is the ability to resolve the identification and personal identification of network transactions at very low cost, as well as the use of point-to-point transactions that avoid traditional centralized liquidation structures, thus significantly increasing the efficiency of the financial system and even the economy as a whole. 廖理同时指出，区块链将成为互联网金融梦想照进现实的关键技术。但是，现在的区块链还处在婴儿时期，各方面的基础设施还很不完善，而这种不完善限制了区块链的大规模应用。 Liao Li also pointed out that block chains would be the key technology for translating the Internet’s financial dream into reality. But, now that the block chains are still in infancy, the infrastructure is far from perfect, and this imperfection limits the large-scale application of the block chains. 早在2016年，火币网创始人兼董事长李林就指出，“区块链可能是21世纪最让人兴奋和值得期待的技术创新之一，它创造性地使用技术的方式为交易双方建立信用，无需第三方机构参与，从而极大地降低了交易成本。如同互联网技术革命性地降低了人类信息交互的通信成本，区块链技术的广泛应用，在未来将极大地降低价值交换的信用成本。” As early as 2016, Li Lin, the founder and chairman of the gunnet network, pointed out that & ldquo; block chains may be one of the most exciting and promising technological innovations of the twenty-first century, using technology creatively to build credit for trading parties without the involvement of third-party institutions, thus significantly reducing transaction costs. As Internet technology revolutionizes the communication costs of human information interactions, the widespread application of block chain technology will significantly reduce the credit costs of value exchange in the future. & & rdquo; 在《区块链—定义未来金融与经济新格局》的作者张健看来，互联网解决了信息在全球范围内点对点的高效而廉价的传输，但却没有对有价值的信息进行内在保护的机制，在网上复制、传播、篡改一条信息的成本几乎为零，这导致人们无法点对点地传递有价值的信息，由此，一个能够与互联网匹配的高效可靠的价值传输系统呼之欲出，这就是区块链。而区块链的诞生，正是人类构建价值传输网络的开始。 According to the author of Block Chain & mdash; Defining New Future Financial and Economic Patterns, the Internet solves the efficient and inexpensive transmission of information at global points, but does not provide an in-house mechanism for protecting valuable information, and the cost of copying, disseminating and tampering with a message online is almost zero. This makes it impossible to transmit valuable information in situ, so that an efficient and reliable value transfer system that matches the Internet is called a block chain. 风险 Risks “去中心化”的弱点和黑客的攻击 尽管区块链代表着未来，但是对风险的认知仍然优于对机会的判断，否则，再好的应用场景也会功亏一篑。 While the block chain represents the future, the perception of risk is better than the perception of opportunity, otherwise the best application scenario would be lost. 对于区块链的历史来说，2018年3月7日是一个值得被记住的日子，在这一天，以去中心化而著称的区块链技术遭遇了一场黑客去中心化的攻击模式。 For the history of the block chain, 7 March 2018 was a day worth remembering, when the technology of the block chain, known as decentralized, was subjected to a pattern of hacking into the centre. 先是福布斯数字货币富豪榜第三名赵长鹏所控制的“币安Binance 交易所”大量用户发现自己的账户被盗，然后正当大家都认为会和以前那些交易所被黑案例一样，黑客提币走人时，黑客却并没有选择立即提出这些账户中的数字货币，而是声东击西在其他交易所上线了做空交易。 First & & ldquo, controlled by Zhao Chang Po, the third largest digital money billionr in Forbes; the Binance Exchange & & rdquo; a large number of users found their accounts stolen, and then when the hackers decided not to immediately raise the digital currency in those accounts, as everyone thought they were being hacked off, the hackers did nothing on other exchanges. 说白了，黑客的行为已经非常专业化，就是通过攻击币安进而影响其他交易所的市场价格，因为币安是全球交易量第二大的虚拟货币交易所，币安受到攻击引发的币值变动势必会快速影响其他交易所。由此，黑客一方面攻击币安，另一方面在其他交易所上线做空交易，其目的就是等到币值下降的时候，直接收割一波离场。 To be clear, hackers have become highly specialized in influencing the market prices of other exchanges by attacking currency security, which is the second largest virtual currency exchange in the world, and which is bound to quickly affect other exchanges. As a result, hackers, on the one hand, attack currency security, and, on the other hand, engage in empty deals on other exchanges, with the aim of just waiting for the currency to fall. 这意味着，以加密、去中心化而著称的区块链技术，在面对数字货币交易所这一中心化的财富集聚时，仍然面临着诸多的风险。 This means that the technology of block chains known for encryption, de-centralizing, still faces a number of risks in the face of the central confluence of the digital currency exchange. 事实上，早在今年1月底，日本的Coincheck交易所就曾遭到黑客攻击，导致5.3亿美元数字货币被盗，这是有记录以来规模最大的数字货币窃案之一。这次事件直接引发了日本金融厅对数字货币交易所提高标准。根据3月8日路透社的报道，日本金融厅（FSA）将于近期向多个加密数字货币交易所发出行政处罚通知，并计划强制命令某些交易所暂停业务。 Indeed, as early as the end of January, the Coincheck Exchange in Japan was hit by hackers, leading to the theft of $530 million in digital currency, one of the largest digital currency thefts ever recorded. The incident directly triggered the Japan Financial Services Agency’s raising of standards for digital currency exchanges. 值得注意的是，对区块链技术的风险，在本次全国“两会”期间，很多代表、委员都参与了讨论，并提出了自己的观点。比如全国政协委员、证监会信息中心主任张野就指出，“从技术角度看，区块链绝对去中心化是不成立的，因为区块链本身就是个软件，而软件一定是中心化开发出来的。此外，区块链上必不可少的部分身份认证背后的技术是PKI，这个技术也是中心化的。” It is worth noting that the risks to block chain technology have been discussed and raised during this national & ldquo; bipartite & & rdquo, during which time many delegates, commissioners, etc. Zhang Noo, a member of the National Council of Political Ministers and Director of the CVM Information Centre, noted that & & & ldquo; from a technical point of view, the absolute decentralization of block chains is not valid because the block chain itself is a software, which must have been developed centrally. Moreover, the technology behind the essential parts of the block chain of identification is PKI, which is also central. & & & rdquao; 全国政协委员、360集团董事长周鸿也表示，“比特币有账本不可篡改的特性，但并不代表没有风险。如有人或机构拥有51%的算力，就可以任意操纵比特币，而且如果未来破解了哈希运算，那区块链里的密码学运作机制就会遭受巨大挑战。此外，数字货币交易所被黑客攻击导致被盗，这表明区块链也需要安全防护。” The National Council of Political Ministers and the chairman of the 360 Group, Zhou Hong, also said that & ldquo; Bitcoin has an immutable character, but it does not mean that there is no risk. If someone or agency has 51% of the value, it can manipulate Bitcoin at will, and if Hashi operations are broken in the future, the cryptography operating mechanisms in the sector chain will be hugely challenged. Moreover, the digital currency exchange was stolen by hackers, suggesting that the chain also needs security. 不仅如此，区块链技术还面临着来自量子计算机的威胁。 Moreover, block chain technology faces threats from quantum computers. 在业内人士看来，“区块链由于生成了一套自我激励的系统，保证其能够在去中心化的条件下，自我运行，大部分使用的是不对称的加密，用相应的公钥验证私钥签署的交易，以确保比特币等区块链资产只能被合法所有人使用。” In the opinion of the industry, “ block chains, which generate a system of self-incentives to ensure that they can operate themselves under decentralised conditions, mostly using asymmetric encryption, verify a transaction signed by a private key using the corresponding public key to ensure that assets in a block chain such as Bitcoin are used only by legitimate owners. & & rdquo; “但量子计算机却可以解决不对称加密的问题，量子计算机可以在几分钟内从公钥推算出私钥，在知道所有的私钥后，拥有量子计算机的人就可以随意花费比特币等数字货币了。”当然，量子计算机什么时间问世本身也是一个问题，数字货币协议也在不断地加入新的加密标准，但量子计算机带来的潜在威胁，不得不引起投资者的重视。 & ldquo; but quantum computers can solve asymmetric encryption by extrapolating private keys from public keys in a matter of minutes, and by knowing all private keys, people with quantum computers can spend digital currencies such as bitcoins at will. ” of course, the timing of quantum computers is also a problem in itself, and digital currency agreements are constantly incorporating new encryption standards, but the potential threat posed by quantum computers has to attract the attention of investors. 汪婵表示，“区块链网络中的业务节点，在进行通信时还可能会有隐私数据泄露的问题。虽然网络节点记录数据的隐私保护及保障区块链网络通信安全性的底层技术，如数字签名、数字证书、加密算法、无证书的身份认证、基于ID的身份认证等，业界已有成熟的密码学算法，但随着技术的发展，也可能会发现这些成熟算法的漏洞，也会存在被攻破的可能。就像量子计算的兴起，会对传统密码算法产生冲击一样，区块链也会存在类似问题。但魔高一尺道高一丈，量子密码学也会不断地发展至商用。” Wang Quan states that & “ the business nodes in the block chain network are likely to have problems with the disclosure of privacy data when communicating. While privacy protection of data on the network node records and bottom technologies that guarantee the security of network communications on the block node, such as digital signatures, digital certificates, encryption algorithms, non-certificated identification, ID-based identification, etc., have mature cryptographic algorithms, as technology evolves, these mature algorithms may also be detected, and there is a risk of disruption. 机会 Opportunities 应用场景的探索 The exploration of the application scene 最近，金沙江创投合伙人朱啸虎对区块链应用场景的论断引发了链圈的普遍关注。在朱啸虎看来，“区块链除了炒币之外，没有其他任何应用能真正活跃的。到目前为止，没有一个区块链项目是在抓住用户的真实需求，这是最大的问题。” Recently, the assertion of Chu Yong-ho, a founding partner of the Jinsha River River, about the application of the block chain gave rise to widespread concern in the chain. In Joo-ho’s view, &ldquao; there are no really active applications in the block chain other than the currency. So far, no block chain project has captured the real needs of users, which is the biggest problem. 由于投资了OFO、饿了么、映客直播、滴滴出行等一批炙手可热的独角兽公司，朱啸虎对事关未来的创新型商业模式的看法带有一定的普遍性。 As a result of investing in hot and hot unicorn companies such as OFOs, hungry people, live screenings and drop-and-drop operations, Chu's vision of innovative business models that are relevant to the future is somewhat universal. “在技术上，区块链还有很多问题需要解决。另外，区块链目前应用的场景都是虚无缥缈的，不是真实存在的。用在量的存储和计算冗余去解决第三方记账的问题，这个从根本上就是不成立的。” 朱啸虎表示，区块链泡沫的根本问题在于它是完全的投机炒币，是冲着财富效应去的，但虚拟货币没有价值。而在应用领域，区块链当前解决的都是创业者幻想出来的伪需求，解决的不是真实的问题，所以没人用。 & & ldquo; Technically, there are many problems with block chains that need to be solved. Moreover, the current pattern of block chains is hollow and not real. The problem of third-party bookkeeping with volume storage and calculation of redundancy is essentially non-existent. & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & ; Jodquo says that the fundamental problem of block-chain bubbles is that it is entirely speculative coins, driven by wealth effects, but virtual currencies are worthless. 不过，果真如此吗？ But is that true? 最新消息显示，阿里巴巴子公司Lynx International宣布已成功将区块链技术应用于跨境物流贸易，公司基于区块链研发的系统能够对进口货物的所有相关信息进行追踪，包括产品生产、运输方法、海关、检验及第三方认证。事实上，传统外贸模式当中一直都有着许多不足，比如交易担保、平台高额手续费、支付渠道不便、跨境汇率变化及物流系统不方便等问题。而跨境电商则希望借助区块链技术来解决这些传统外贸模式所存在的弊端。 According to the latest news, the Alibaba subsidiary, Lynx International, announced that it had successfully applied block-chain technology to cross-border logistics trade, and that company systems based on block-chain research and development could track all relevant information on imported goods, including product production, transport methods, customs, testing, and third-party certification. Indeed, there have been many shortcomings in traditional foreign trade models, such as trade guarantees, high platform fees, poor payment channels, cross-border exchange rate changes, and logistical difficulties. 比如，区块链技术在物流追踪系统的典型应用就是，在快递交接时需要双方私钥签名，快递员或快递点拥有独立私钥，是否签收或交付只需要查询区块链记录，这就杜绝了快递员伪造签名的可能。 For example, the typical application of block chain technology in logistics tracking systems is that both parties need to sign their private keys when fast-delivered, that couriers or delivery points have separate private keys, and that the signature or delivery only requires a search of block chain records, thus eliminating the possibility that couriers may falsify signatures. 此外，在商品验证方面，区块链技术可以将商品的生产、加工在内的供应链上所有环节，以照片及视频的形式记录在区块链系统中，供用户随时查看，重新建立信任机制，杜绝假货事件。公开信息显示，最新版本的淘宝手机App在其底端新添加了一个名为“浏览产品物流追踪信息”的链接，点击该链接，用户便可以查询与该产品相关的任何信息。到目前为止，来自上海、深圳、广州、天津等城市的30000多件进口货物均使用了该区块链系统，有关这些产品的任何信息都可以在系统上查到，包括启程回国之前的海外的物流数据都可以查询。 In addition, in the case of commodity certification, block chain technology can record all links in the supply chain, including the production and processing of commodities, in the form of photographs and videos, in a block chain system, which users can view at any time, re-establish confidence-building mechanisms and eliminate counterfeiting. Public information shows that the latest version of the Booby Cell phone App has added a new name & ldquo at its bottom; browse product logistics tracking information & & rdquo; and click on the link, so that users can access any information relevant to the product. To date, more than 30,000 imports from cities such as Shanghai, Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Tianjin have used the sector chain system, and any information on these products can be found on the system, including overseas logistics data prior to departure. 事实上，区块链技术不只是在跨境电商领域的应用，在人工智能机器人领域，区块链技术也早就进入了应用阶段。 In fact, block chain technology is not only applied in the area of cross-border power suppliers, but also in the area of artificial intelligence robots, where block chain technology is already in its application stage. 早在2017年上半年，达闼科技开发了云端智能机器人，并用到了区块链技术来解决信息安全的问题。对此，达闼科技高级总监王健曾告诉《中国经营报》记者，“达闼科技的云端智能机器人构想，决定了必须将智能大脑放在云端，再通过网络来控制。这就涉及到了信息安全问题，而区块链本身的安全性、不可篡改性正可以弥补信息安全的漏洞。” As early as the first half of 2017, D'Arts developed cloud-side smart robots and used block-chain technologies to solve information security problems. In this regard, H.E. Wang Jian, Director General of D'Arts, told China Business, & ldquo; D'Art's cloud-side idea of smart robots, which determines that the brain must be placed in the clouds and then controlled through the network. This involves information security, and the safety and non-reciprocality of the block chain itself is making it possible to fill the information security gap. 如今，可以确认的是，包括BAT在内的诸多企业都在探索区块链技术的应用场景，比如百度公司董事长李彦宏就表示，区块链还处发展早期，但是它有可能带来互联网的重大技术创新。区块链到来后，真正使得虚拟物品变得唯一，这样的互联网和以前的互联网会是非常不一样的。而就在此前不久，百度金融区块链实验室推出了“莱茨狗”，探索“金融+区块链”的模式。不仅如此，蚂蚁区块链是阿里旗下蚂蚁金服打造的金融级区块链服务平台，目前应用在公益捐款的商业场景。 Today, it can be confirmed that a number of businesses, including BAT, are exploring the application of block chain technologies, such as the director of 100-degree companies, Lee Yinghong, who says that block chains are still developing at an early stage, but that they have the potential to bring about significant technological innovation on the Internet. When the block chain arrives, it really makes virtual objects unique, and the Internet will be very different. 在汪婵看来，“区块链技术如果发展起来，被应用的领域会越来越多。可以预见的是，在金融、物流、互联网保险、数字版权、医疗健康、身份认证、大数据征信、公证、权益证明等众多应用领域，都会有广泛的应用。” & ldquo; block chain technology, if developed, will be used more and more in a variety of applications. It can be foreseen that there will be extensive applications in a wide range of applications, such as finance, logistics, Internet insurance, digital copyright, medical health, identity certification, large-scale data acquisition, notarization, and certification of interests. & rdquo; 观察 Watch 中国抢先进行区块链技术布局 近日，IPRdaily联合incoPat创新指数研究中心发布了“2017全球区块链企业专利排行榜（前100名）”，数据范围为2017年全球公开公告的专利数量，包括发明申请、实用新型、外观设计专利。 In recent days, the IPRdaily Joint IncoPat Innovation Index Research Centre has published & ldquao; the global block chain patent list (the top 100) & rdquao; and data on the number of patents announced globally in 2017, including applications for inventions, practical new designs, and designs. 根据这一排行榜，前100名中，中国入榜的企业占比49%，其次为美国占比33%；阿里巴巴排名第一，美国银行排名第二。 According to this ranking, of the top 100, China ranked 49 per cent, followed by the United States 33 per cent; Ali Baba was ranked first and United States banks second. 此外，《中国经营报》记者根据榜单统计了前20名的企业，其中有14家为中国企业，它们分别是：阿里巴巴、中国人民银行数字货币研究所、北京瑞卓喜投科技发展有限公司、江苏通付盾科技发展有限公司、中国人民银行印制科学技术研究所、深圳前海达闼云端智能科技有限公司、中国联通集团、杭州趣链科技有限公司、杭州云象网络技术有限公司、北京众享比特科技有限公司、北京天德科技有限公司、中钞信用卡产业发展有限公司北京智能卡技术研究院、国家电网公司、中国银行股份有限公司。从这些企业的业务范围不难看出，区块链技术在国内的应用探索已经涉及到了金融、通信、科技等诸多领域。 In addition, 14 of the top 20 companies listed in the China Business Journal were Chinese enterprises, including Ali Baba, the People’s Bank of China Digital Monetary Institute, the Beijing Ritsuxi Science and Technology Development Company Ltd., Jiang Sutong Sink Technology and Development Co. Ltd., the People’s Bank of China Institute of Printed Science and Technology Research, Shenzhen Pre-Haydar Yunyan Smart Technology Co. Ltd., the China Connect Group, Hangzhou Interesting Science and Technology Co. Ltd., Hangzhou Cloud Network Technology Ltd., Beijing Henbit Science and Technology Ltd., Beijing Tiande Science and Technology Co. Ltd., the Beijing Smart Card Technology Institute of China Credit Cards Industries Ltd., the National Electric Network Corporation, and China Bank Holdings Ltd. 无独有偶，超凡知识产权在帮助本报进行的区块链技术检索中也发现：从技术全球分布来看，区块链相关的专利在中国的布局领先于其他国家，除了中国之外，美国布局也较多。在汪婵看来，“区块链所采用的这些底层技术，本身已经很成熟，所以现在有商用的很大一部分企业都是利用区块链的这些底层技术搭建其区块链架构，从而最终实现其应用目的。” Unsurprisingly, super-intellectual property rights (IPRs) also find in the technology search for block chains in the newspaper: in terms of the global distribution of technology, patents associated with block chains are ahead of Chinese layouts in China, with the exception of China, where the United States has more layouts. According to Wang Xiang, & ldquo; these bottom technologies used in block chains are mature in themselves, so now a large proportion of businesses in commerce build their block chain structures using these bottom technologies in the chain, thereby ultimately achieving their application; and & rdquao; 好的产品首先得有一个好的应用场景作为切入点，只有好的应用场景才能充分体现其市场价值。对于区块链来说，底层技术已成熟，如何找到一个好的成熟的应用场景，能够切实贴合用户需求尤为重要。此外，区块链技术的去中心化和分布式结构决定了其只有在大平台的基础上，才能发挥更大的价值。 A good product first needs a good application scenario as an entry point, and only a good application scenario can fully reflect its market value. For block chains, bottom technologies are mature, and it is particularly important to find a good, mature application scenario that can effectively match users’ needs. IBM作为分布式计算技术的领先者，在区块链技术储备方面绝对具有领先优势，但真正能使区块链发生效力的，可能会是互联网公司。 IBM, as a leader in distributed computing techniques, has an absolute lead in the technical stock of block chains, but it may be Internet companies that can actually make the block chains effective. 在这方面，阿里是典型案例，作为国内互联网巨头，阿里在区块链的专利布局方面，全球第一，布局区块链专利65件。腾讯也在区块链方向布局了大量的专利，截至目前公开专利17件。由此可见，它们在区块链方向已有充分的技术储备，如果探索出好的应用场景，自然会推出相应的区块链业务。 Ali is a typical case in this regard. As a domestic Internet giant, Ali is the first worldwide patent for the layout of the block chain, with 65 patents for the layout of the block chain. Tetsu also has a large number of patents in the direction of the block chain, and 17 patents have been made public to date. Thus, they have sufficient technological reserves in the direction of the block chain, and if a good application scenario is explored, the corresponding block chain operations will naturally be launched. > http://www.ifeng.com/"target="_blank> 
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